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TITLE:

PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF INSOMNIA AND FATIGUE AMONG SAUDI ARABIAN AIRLINES PILOTS IN JEDDAH, 2018

AUTHORS:

Dr Abeer A. Al Saedi , Dr Eman A. Al Shafei , Dr Amal H. Al Ghamdi , Dr Hassan B. Shah

ABSTRACT:

Background: The aviation industry is at highest annual growth in Middle East and is facing shortage of skilled pilots along with increased expenses due to security measures and competitive prices; companies use maximum hours of their pilots to overcome these challenges. However, long working hours lead to fatigue, depression and sleep problems; affecting performance and attentiveness during flight. To address these concerns, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and determinants of insomnia and fatigue among pilots in the region among Saudi Arabian airline pilots in Jeddah during 2018. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done among 350 respondents using a self-administered, validated questionnaire related to demographic, professional and social data, including both the Fatigue Severity Scale and Insomnia Severity Index. Results: Among the 350 respondents, 95.8% reported to have insomnia. For fatigue, regular exercise remains to be the leading factor related to fatigue (Exp(B)=1.604; C.I. 1.248. 2.061; p<0.001), followed by work experience (Exp(B)=1.505; C.I. 1.169, 1.938; p=0.002). For insomnia, the leading factors are feeling of tiredness (Exp(B)=2.342, C.I. 1.681, 3.263; p<0.001), followed by the intake of caffeinated drinks (Exp(B)=2.019, C.I. 1.490, 2.736; p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity is the leading factor affecting fatigue, while feeling of tiredness by the controls has an impact on both fatigue and insomnia. Insomnia has a relationship with fatigue that can be explored in detail in further studies. Results emphasize the need to address fatigue and insomnia among pilots, not only for their welfare but also for the safety and security of the crew and passengers. Key words: Airline, insomnia, fatigue, pilots, Saudi Arabia, sleep.

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