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TITLE:

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND ASTHMA AMONG OBESE ADULTS

AUTHORS:

Rashid Ahmed Khan, Zaib-un-nissa, Abdul Haque Khan, Syed Jahanghir, Shahrukh Qadeer

ABSTRACT:

Objective: To assess the relationship between periodontal disease and asthma among obese adults. Methods: This longitudinal study was carried out at the Dept. of Periodontology and Dept. of Chest Medicine at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro from November 2017 to February 2019 on a sample of 1315 pre-diagnosed patients of asthma, aged 18 to 48 years (chosen via non-probability, consecutive sampling) presenting to the chest medicine outpatient department. After taking written informed consent from subjects, data was collected using a pre-structured, interview-based questionnaire containing inquiries about basic sociodemographic information and detailed disease particulars at the time of presentation. Periodontitis, bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index were determined by clinical examinations. The data obtained was analyzed using MS. Excel 360 and SPSS v. 21.0. Result: A total of 1315 subjects were enrolled during the study duration. The mean age of sample stood at 47 years (SD ±7.5) and most of the subjects were males. Using logistic regression adjusting for gender, smoking status, age, body mass index, family history of asthma and income level, revealed that the odds ratio (OR) of asthma for a participant with severe periodontitis was 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.27, 0.70) that of a participant with none/mild periodontitis. On the other hand, proportion of BOP sites and plaque index were not statistically significant. For a participant with severe periodontitis, the OR of taking asthma medication was 0.20 (95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.43) that of a participant with none/mild periodontitis. Moreover, proportion of BOP sites was statistically associated with use of asthma medication. Conclusion: After carefully considering the results, it can be concluded that patients with severe periodontitis were less likely to have asthma. Stronger evidence of an inverse association was found when using asthma medication as outcome. Key Words: Periodontitis, Oral Health Status, Asthma, Obesity, Chest Medicine, and Plaque Index.

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