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RELATION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES WITH ABO SYSTEM AND LEWIS BLOOD PHENOTYPES

Dr Maria Shabbir, Dr Saeeda Bano, Dr Noor Ul Ain

Objective: To evaluate the pattern and relationship of ABO and Lewis blood group phenotypes in patients with coronary heart disease. Study Design: An analytical case-control study. Place and duration: In the Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi for one year duration from March 2017 to March 2018. Methods: In this study total 187 CAD clinically confirmed patients with sex and age were compared to 187 healthy controls were included. To determine the relationship of CAD with risk factors; Lewis antigen typing and ABO grouping were determined. Using SPSS version 21.0; statistical analysis was done and categorical variables were recorded in percentages. Results: In the control group (41.2%) the most common blood group was O blood group, followed by 33.2% of B group, 21.9% were of A and 3.7% were determined as AB. In CAD patients; the group O prevalence was nearly same to that of the control group, but the incidence of non-O groups showed mild rise in CAD cases; the AB group frequency in these subjects was relatively low compared to the control group. The Le (a-b-) phenotype prevalence was found to be 32.5%. We noted that hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus are the associated with risk factors noted in 94.1% of the cases. Conclusion: This study showed that ABO blood group did not show important relationship with coronary artery disease, but ABO group has strong relationship with risk factors such as smoking, dyslipidemia and hypertension. In addition, Le (a-b-) phenotype showed a significant relationship with coronary artery disease and risk factors such as smoking, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Key Words: Ischaemic disease, Lewis negative phenotype, ABO blood group system.

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