- CODEN : IAJPBB
- issn 2349-7750
TITLE:
EFFICACY OF KETAMINE/PROPOFOL VS LIGNOCAINE / PROPOFOL MIXTURES IN DECREASING PAIN ON INJECTION OF PROPOFOL 1% AT THE TIME OF INDUCTION
AUTHORS:
Dr Hira Khalid, Dr Mavra Hafeez , Dr Aneela Akram
ABSTRACT:
Propofol is a commonly used inducer in everyday anesthetic practice, especially in the absence of thiopentone sodium. The disadvantage of this remedy is pain at the injection site, which is sometimes very severe. A higher concentration of propofol in the aqueous phase of the preparation causes greater pain during injection, while the addition of 1% lidocaine or 1% ketamine in a saline solution to propofol reduces pain. The low concentration of these agents and the observed rapid pain relief indicate that a mechanism other than the local anesthetic effect is also involved, and possibly a change in pH as well. Aim: We conducted a clinical trial to investigate the effects of changing the pH by adding lidocaine or ketamine in saline with propofol at the time of injection to see the patient's pain response. Methods: The study was approved by our hospital management and written informed consent was obtained. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of the lignocaine / propofol mixture with the ketamine / propofol mixture for pain following injection of propofol. A total of 80 adult patients (aged 18 to 65; ASA grade I or II) were recruited into the study. This study was held in the Anesthesia Unit II of Mayo Hospital Lahore for one-year duration from March 2019 to March 2020. 18 parts of 1% propofol was mixed with 2 ml of 1% ketamine or 1% lidocaine. The pH of both solutions was measured. Results and Conclusion: The lowering of the pH due to the addition of these solutions to propofol is considered to be the cause of pain relief because if the same agents were administered before propofol without mixing them, the pain did not completely resolve. Thus, pH changes may modify propofol-induced pain on injection by a mechanism different from the effect of the local anesthetic on the vascular endothelium. Key words: propofol, pH, injection pain, lidocaine 1%, ketamine 1%
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