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GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT: SIMPLE LITERATURE REVIEW

Mohammed A. Syam, Majed Meshal Almutairi, Nasser Falah Alqahtani, Ahmed Hamad Alhammad, Wael Saleh Almogheer, Tariq Awadh Almadawi, Hajar Aown Allah Hamed Alsulami, Shomokh Falah Alharbi, Ghofran yaslam bazuhair, Waad Mohammed Alluhaibi, Arwa Farouk Khatib

Background: GBS described as a condition associated with symmetrical weakness of the limbs, and hyporeflexia or areflexia, which reaches a maximum severity within 4 weeks. GBS is associated with sensory symptoms such as paraesthesia and numbness usually starts distally and symmetrically and sometimes it reach to death as a result of respiratory muscle paralysis. Objective: Treating patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome is difficult and needs different management approaches. In this paper we aim to discuss the pathophysiologies that stand behinds Guillain-Barré Syndrome development, diagnosis, and the management approach. Methods: A comprehensive search was done using biomedical databases; Medline, and PubMed, for studies concerned with assessment of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Keywords used in our search through the databases were as; “Guillain-Barré Syndrome Pathophysiology”, “Guillain-Barré Syndrome Classification”, and “Guillain-Barré Syndrome Management”. Conclusion: GBS is a post-infectious disorder. The typical symptoms are pain, numbness, paresthesia, or weakness in the limbs. The main features are rapidly progressive bilateral and relatively symmetric weakness of the limbs. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy and plasma exchange (PE) play a leading role in GBS treatment. Severe fatigue is a common problem and considered as one of the most important symptoms leading to problems in school or work but exercise was found to be linked to improved GBS physical outcomes. Advanced age, severe disease, increased comorbidity, pulmonary and cardiac complications, mechanical ventilation, and systemic infection were found to be predictors of an increased risk of death.

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