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PREVALENCE OF LOW BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND IT'S ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN AL-AHSSA

Amjad Albonasser, Reem Alharshan, Munirah Boradha, Heba Alafif, Fatimah Alsubai, Rasha Ghaleb

Background: Osteoporosis is a global health problem that is increasing in significance with time. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone leading to increased risk of fractures. Low bone mass has been reported to range from 10-60 % in different studies. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of low bone mass in Saudi-Arabia and to characterize the associated risk factors in our population. Methods: We retrospectively studied with 114 Saudi patients aged between 29 to 56 years old who had BMD measured at the polyclinic center in King Faisal University. Our study collected patients in whom BMD whose determined by DEXA scan. Then we used mean, standard deviation, Chi-squared test, pearson correlation and step wise regression to analysis our result. Result:114 patients was performing DEXA and 54 (47.4%) were normal, 48 (42.1%) were having osteopenia and 12 ( 10.5%) were suffer from osteoporosis. The result shows that the decreasing of BMD in patients of age between 20-60 but it occurs more in the age of 40-60. Also, from data we found that decreasing of BMD is more in females than males and it was highly correlated with menopause and smoking. Conclusion: BMD is decrease by many factors like menopause status. The prevalence of osteopenia in pre-menopausal females indicates the ultimate importance of early intervention to prevent development of osteoporosis in later life; so, routine measurement of BMD every 1 year for all pre-menopausal females for early detection and treatment of osteopenia seemed to be essential. Keywords: Low bone mineral density, Risk factors, osteopenia, osteoporosis

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