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TITLE:

FREQUENCY OF PLACENTA PRAEVIA AND ITS RISK FACTORS IN PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD

AUTHORS:

Dr. Muhammad Rizwan Subhani, Muhammad Jawad, Dr Sunbal Naseer

ABSTRACT:

Background: Placenta previa is an obstetrical emergency which usually occurs in 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In this condition the placenta lies abnormally low near the cervical os either completely or partially. It poses serious threat to maternal and foetal health. This study was carried out to find the frequency and risk factors of placenta previa in pregnant women attending the gynaecology unit in ATH. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on pregnant women in gynaecology/obstetrics department ATH, Abbottabad from November 2018 to June 2019; all pregnant women having POG > 28 weeks were included in the study; sample size was 142 and sampling technique was non probability convenient sampling. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: The frequency of placenta previa was found to be 6.3%. The mean age was 26.33 ± 5.36 years. Mean parity was 1.44±1.57 and mean gravida was 2.92±2.13. Majority of women with placenta previa were in age group “below 35 years” (88.7%). 66.7% of the patients diagnosed with placenta previa had a history of previous Cesarean section (p value=0.086). 22.2% of the pregnant women with placenta previa had a history of previously diagnosed placenta previa (p value=0.047). 33.3 % of patients diagnosed with placenta previa had a history of abortion (p value=0.51). 55.6% of the patients diagnosed with placenta previa were grand multigravida followed by multigravida (44.4%) whereas there were no primigravida (p value=0.01). 77.8% of the patients diagnosed with placenta previa were multiparous followed by primiparous (22.2%), whereas there were no nulliparous women patients (p value= 0. 029). Conclusion: The frequency of placenta previa was 6.3% which is abnormally high. Majority of the cases were in the age group of “below 35 years of age” (77.8%). History of previous placenta previa, gravida and parity were found to be major risk factors for placenta previa. History of previous caesarean section and age were also associated with placenta previa but were statistically insignificant Keywords: Placenta previa, previous caesarean section.

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