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TITLE:

A REVIEW OF CLOSTRIDIA IN ACUTE DIARRHEA PATIENTS COMPARED WITH THE CONTROL GROUP

AUTHORS:

Dr Ayma Saleem, Dr Hina Imran Malik, Dr. Lubna Waheed

ABSTRACT:

Purpose: Clostridia are widely distributed in the natural environments and inhabit the digestive tract of humans and animals. These organisms are important pathogens that can cause pseudomembranous colitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, food poisoning, and other intestinal disorders such as diarrhea. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the Clostridium species in hospitalized patients and to compare it with healthy people as a control group. Methodology: A total of 300 stool samples were collected from 150 patients with severe diarrhea and 150 non-diarrhea cases as a control group were selected. Following ethanolic treatment, the samples were inoculated onto culture media such as blood agar and selective CCFA (Cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar) medium. The plates were incubated under anaerobic conditions and the grown colonies were presumably identified as clostridia based on their morphology, Gram staining, aerobic tolerance test and bacterial spore situation. The species of these Clostridia were eventually determined by other standard tests such as: Motility, SH2, Indol and biochemical tests. Results: This study resulted in isolation of Clostridia spp from 38 patients (25.3%) and 48 cases (32%) of control group. Fifteen different species of Clostridia were isolated from the patients and control group. The most predominat isolated species were ramosum, perfringens, subterminale, sordellii, innocuum, clostridioform and sphenoides. Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, no significant difference was found between Clostridia spp isolated from patients and the control group, therefore further studies are recommended to clarify the role of Clostridia spp in causing diarrhea. Keywords: Clostridia, Anaerobic bacteria, Antibiotic-dependent diarrhea.

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