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TITLE:

PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH AGE AND GENDER

AUTHORS:

Dr. Ayesha Khalid, Dr. Fatima tuz Zahra, Dr. Fatima Zulfiqar, Dr. Imran Saeed Ali

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Depression is an acute mental disorder in which melancholic mood is accompanied by a sense of worthlessness and impracticality along with lack of desire to indulge in formerly pleasurable activities. There is malicious sequence of events and clinical evidence that associates Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) to depressive disorder and counters wise. Objective: To assess the frequency and severity of depression in known cases of Coronary Artery Disease and to determine its association with age and gender. Methods: This 9-months descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with diagnosed Coronary Artery Disease, presenting in Rawalpindi Medical University (RMU) Allied Hospitals and Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology (RIC) from December 2018 to May 2019. All the male and female patients who had been diagnosed as a case of CAD for 2 weeks or more, and were admitted in the Cardiology wards and those visiting OPD for follow-up check up were included. All those patients who had already been diagnosed with any other mental disease were excluded. They were assessed using PHQ-9 by one to one interview. Data was analyzed by SPSS v23.0 and p-value was considered significant. Results: Out of total 385 patients with diagnosed CAD, 244 (63.4%) were males and 141 (36.6%) were females. The overall prevalence of depression was 65.19%. Mean age was 53.6±14.14 years. Depression was significant when measured across gender with P=0.031. Depression was insignificant when measured across age groups with P=0.14. Out of total 385 patients, 134 (34.80%) did not have depression whereas 135 (35.10%) had mild depressive symptoms. Moderate depression was found in 73 (19%), moderately severe in 35 (9.1%) and severe depression in 8 (2.1%). Cronbach’s Alpha test was applied and its value was 0.859 showing its validity in our population. Conclusion: Total prevalence of depression in CAD patients was 65.19% and distribution of total score was significant between males and females with severe depression statistically significant in males. Cronbach’s Alpha test was also applicable implicating the validity of PHQ-9 in our population. Keywords: malicious sequence, depressive disorder, Coronary Artery Disease.

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