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NOCTURNAL ENURESIS IN CHILDREN AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM IN SAUDI ARABIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Rawan Wadi A Alanazi , Sawsan Hassan Abdullah Hashim, Rawan Hamdan Salem Alenazy, Raghad Aladham Alanazi, Razan Mohammed G Aldahmashi, Aml Batah H Alenezi, Hayat Faisal S Alnathir, Mona Theyab Alanazi, Maram Mohammed M Alanazi, Itizaz Hatim R Alanazi1, Taif Shayish N Alanazi

Background: the etiology of nocturnal enuresis include genetic and familial factors, psychological factors, bladder diseases, hormonal deregulations, as well as sleep disorders. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of Nocturnal enuresis and its associated psychological problems specially in Saudi Arabia and ideal the management that could be used in this condition in children aged 6-12 years. Methods: it was a review article. Data Collected During The Period From 1– 31 October, 2019. Medline, PubMed and EBSCO database searches was performed for the publications about the prevalence of Nocturnal enuresis and its associated psychological problems specially in Saudi Arabia. The keywords search headings included “Nocturnal enuresis, Nocturnal enuresis associated psychological problems, Saudi Arabia", and a combination of these was used. Results: Concerning the previous studies, our study documented that, child anxiety and low positive affectivity, maternal history of anxiety, low authoritative parenting parent, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, school phobia, social anxiety, separation anxiety, history of primary nocturnal enuresis in parent’s family, internalizing disorders (such as depressive and anxiety disorders), which are less common than externalizing ones (such as ADHD), subclinical emotional and behavioral symptoms and body mass index had a significant relation with nocturnal enuresis. Conclusion: Our study concluded that, child anxiety and low positive affectivity, maternal history of anxiety, low authoritative parenting parent, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, school phobia, social anxiety, separation anxiety, history of primary nocturnal enuresis in parent’s family, internalizing disorders had a significant relation with nocturnal enuresis. Key words: Nocturnal Enuresis, children, associated, psychological problems, Saudi Arabia