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TITLE:

CAUSES OF UNCONTROLLED ASTHMA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

AUTHORS:

Dr. Mariam Nissa Ullah, Dr. Rida Tahir, Dr. Maryam Safdar

ABSTRACT:

Objective: To determine the frequency of various factors leading to un-controlled asthma in our asthmatic’s population (> 16 years of age). Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration: Study was carried out at indoor and out-patient clinics of department of Pulmonology of Nishtar Hospital, Multan for a duration of one year starting from October, 2018 to September, 2019. Methodology: Total 120 cases of uncontrolled bronchial asthma were included in this study. Upon presentation, each patient was asked for general questionnaire. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Included both genders having the age of more than 16 years and having case of uncontrolled bronchial asthma. Excluded all those who were having x-ray chest suggestive of acute pulmonary pathology e.g. pneumonia, pneumothorax. Results: According to distribution of cases by age, majority of the patients 29.0% were between 21-30 years and minim 11.5% cases were more than 50 years of age with mean age of 33.5±4.1 years. Out of 120 patients, 81 cases (67.5%) were male and remaining 39 patients (32.5%) were female. Regarding factors leading to uncontrolled asthma, 32 (26.6%) patients used alternative medicine, 16 (13.3%) patients used oral medication, 59 (49.1%) patients used inhaler improperly while poor compliance was found to be in 63 (52.5%) patients. Conclusion: Self-monitoring and subsequent treatment adjustment on weekly basis can leads to improved asthma control in patients with uncontrolled asthma at baseline. Keywords: Uncontrolled asthma, Inhaler technique, use of oral medication, Poor compliance, use of alternative medicine

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