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CLINICAL FEATURES OF TUBERCULOSIS; A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS ASSOCIATION AMONG DIABETIC AND NON DIABETIC PATIENTS

Mahnoor Khalil Ahmed, Baquar Raza, Kanwal Abbas Bhatti,Nusret Kharadi, Mamoona Sadia and Yumna Ahmed

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus has in recent times revealed a shocking augmentation globally and there are increasing facts demonstrating that DM affects presentation and outcome of treatment in patient of TB disease. Objective: To compare the presentations of complaints of patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis with and without diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This observational study was conducted on 107 pre-diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis through non probability convenient sampling from January 2014 to December 2015 in Medical unit 1, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi after taking ethical approval. Patients with age between 20 to 70 years diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study. Patients with multiple co-morbids, mass lesion on chest x-ray, smokers, with known respiratory illness, were excluded. Clinical features of patients were observed and recorded in diabetic and non diabetic group. Statistical analysis was done via help of SPSS v, 20.0. Results: In total of 107 patients, mean age of patients with diabetes was 61.47± 12.57 while that of non diabetics was 40.49 ±14.49. The frequency of clinical features including shortness of breath, productive cough, chest pain, hemoptysis and effusion was higher in diabetics as compared to non diabetic tuberculosis patients with significant association (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.018). Furthermore, patients in diabetic group, presented with renal failure in 32(80%) with significant association (p<0.001) Conclusion: The features including shortness of breath, productive cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, pleural effusion and renal failure were observed to be more common in TBDM while night sweats, fever and fatigue in TBNDM group. Key Words: Clinical features, Diabetic, non-diabetic and tuberculosis.

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