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EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF MALNUTRITION AMONG OUTPATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE

Kamyshnikova L.A, Efremova O.A, Shishova I.A, Starodubov O.D, Chaudhary K , Choudhary A.S

Abstract: Objective: To assess the prevalence and identify markers of malnutrition in outpatients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Materials and methods: At the first stage, the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with CHF who were on an outpatient admission was determined. Patients were randomly included in the study, regardless of the presence of signs of malnutrition. An individual questionnaire with anthropometric parameters was filled in for each included patient. Patients with CHF who have a body mass index (BMI) of less than 20 kg / m2 were included in the second phase of the study. The trophological status was assessed using anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory methods, and the nutritional risk index (NRI) was investigated. Results: A decrease in nutritional status was observed in 63.1% of outpatients with cachexia and CHF I-III Functional Class (from all patients suffering from low body weight), and was characterized by a decrease in lean body mass (LBM) / Body Fat Mass (BFM) ratio, low absolute lymphocyte count, serum albumin, and nutritional risk index (NRI). The assessment of the trophological status in patients with CHF was carried out not only by BMI, but also by calculating the main components of body weight – Lean Body Mass and Body Fat Mass on the basis of measurements of skin and fat folds. Conclusion: The weight deficit among outpatients made up 8% of the population, while 5% (53 patients) had CHF. Body mass index and serum albumin are currently the most commonly used indicators for clinical nutritional assessment in outpatient practice. However, the method of assessing malnutrition by the nutritional risk index is more reliable, easier to use, and makes it possible to reliably estimate the nutritional status in patients with CHF. Key words: chronic heart failure; malnutrition syndrome; cardiac cachexia, outpatients; body mass index.

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