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THE HYPOTHYROIDISM FREQUENCY IN PATIENTS OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

Dr Umbreen Rauf, Dr Sidra Munir, Dr Sehrish Malik

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the hypothyroidism frequency in patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: A cross sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration: In the Medical wards of Holy Family and Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi for one year duration from March 2018 to February 2019. Patients and methods: The study of one twenty individuals were included in the research, sixty healthy people as normal and sixty diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients from general population. The individuals have 5 years of disease duration and have normal blood pressure were carried for the study from different medicals wards. A short information, physical examination and clinical history were checked and kept record on proforma available for study. A proper examination was performed of each individual and scrutinized for fasting serum glucose, TSH, HbA1C, FT3, FT4 and high blood pressure. Increase in TSH level when FT4 was below normal range it causes the Hypothyroidism, If just TSH level was elevated beyond limit with normal FT3 and FT4 levels then subclinical hypothyroidism is diagnosed. Results: 120 individuals were included in the study. Sixty normal individuals and sixty type 2 diabetic patients had similar age, height, weight and body mass index in both groups. In the normal human group, 33 (55%) were female, 27 (45%) were male, 31 (51.66%) and 29 (48.33%) were male in the patient population. The diabetic patient’s age range form 25-60 with 45.2 years mean and in the control subjects 22-58 years with 45.1 years mean. The control group glycosylated hemoglobin 4.2 - 5.9% (mean = 5.23), fasting blood glucose level was 68 - 108 mg / dl (mean = 87.38 mg / dl) and TSH levels were 0.24-3.8 with 2.34 mIU / l mean. Type 2 fasting blood glucose in diabetic patients ranged from 125 to 212 (mean-180.82) mg / dl. Glycosylated hemoglobin was 9-11% (mean = 9.28) and TSH levels were 0.01 to 50 (mean = 17.14) mIU / l. 7 (11.66%) diabetic patients had subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism noted in 21 (35%) patients. Conclusion: The common disorders in all populations are diabetes mellitus and Hypothyroidism. In the diabetic population, hypothyroidism frequency is more than in normal population. In our population, the observed frequency is greater. Key Words: Thyroid, Diabetes Mellitus, Subclinical hypothyroid.

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