::INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES::

CODEN : IAJPBB
issn 2349-7750

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TITLE:

CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES OF END STAGE RENAL DISEASE AND COMPETENCE OF ADULT PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS

AUTHORS:

Dr. Maria Mumtaz, Dr. Ehtisham Ilyas Khan, Dr. Muhammad Abdullah

ABSTRACT:

Background & Aim: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is an irreversible loss of kidney function caused by various risk factors and affected persons of lives mainly depending on the technology of renal replacement therapy (RRT) or renal transplantation (RT) to sustain the life. Aim of this study is to overview the clinical outcomes of ESRD and adequacy of maintenance hemodialysis among the patients. Place and Duration: In the Nephrology Department of Nishtar Hospital Multan for one-year duration from March 2019 to March 2020. Materials & Methods: Currently, there are sixty-two end stage renal disease patient’s clinical data were collected and included in the study. For all patients, pre and post hemodialysis samples were collected and processed through biochemical and hematology auto analyzer. The hemodialysis modalities 4008 H/S and high-flux & low flux ultra-filter dialyzers had utilized to three dialysis sessions per week, 4 hrs per session for each individual. Blood flow rates differed from 150 to 350ml min1 depending on conditions and standard dialysate flow was 500ml/ min. Results: Of total sixty-two patients, 51.62% females and 48.38% males with mean age of 47.76 (18-72) years; gradually increased at the ages of 55 to 72 years then adult age. Concerning overall risk factors in ESRD, 61.30% of hypertension as a leading risk factor followed by 21% NIDDM, 11.30% other kidney diseases and 6.40% cardiac related diseases. Although, there are others clinical signs such as hypothyroidisms; extra-pulmonary infection, retinitis pigmentosa and infertility have been diagnosed. In addition, nearly 33.87%% of HCV, 6.45% HBV and 3.22% of co-infection have been prevalence in ESRD hemodialysis population. Relating to hepatitis C, B and co-infection during dialysis exposure were 29.41%, 2.94% and 2.94% in that order. In relation to overall adequacy of maintenance hemodialysis in this study nearly 75.80% (≥ 1.3 to 2.5 Kt/V) and 24.20% (1.05 to 1.3 Kt/V) where been analyzed through Kt/V formula for wastage clearance. Conclusion: The present study highlighted that the co morbidity of ESRD, current adequacy of adult maintenance hemodialysis, and suggesting to boost better by 90% (≥1.2Kt/V) of adequacy in all dialysis patients. In addition to that, exposure of hepatitis B and C virus during dialysis and advocating to implement current medical strategic to prevent ongoing clinical phenomenon within the patients. Keywords: Maintenance hemodialysis, End Stage Renal Disease, Co-morbidity, GFR.