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CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND ITS RISK FACTORS: A CASE STUDY DONE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Dr Mir Arslan Ahmad, Dr Taha Nazir Warraich, Dr Zeeshan Adeel

Objective: The focus of our study is to put light on the aspects of the necrotic area that causes morbidity and mortality in the CVA patients,that may result in blocking the blood supply by pressure effect and causing anoxia and deterioration of the disease. Methodology: It is a descriptive type of cross sectional study.And it was carried out in Services hospital,Lahore,from April 2018 to March 2019. The presence of the necrotic tissue was proved by CT scan brain plain in 98 patients of brain insult .The history about cigarette smoking,ischemic heart disease and hypertension was taken,as these are dangerous risk factors that may end up causing serious brain injury. Results: The results of our study collected from the 98 patients that were enrolled in the study show that every patient who got brain insult has two or more dangerous risk factors that resulted in the blockage of the arteries in the cerebrum. The most frequently encountered risk factor is hypertension with prevalence in more than 50% of the cases.The results of our study show that in all the patients who presented to us with hemipleigia were found to have more than two risk factors that resulted in blockage of the cerebral arteries causing brain injury. More than 30% of the patients were found to be smokers. The percentage of the males were quite higher as compared to the females and the prevalence of the smoking as risk factor was found higher in males as compared their counterparts. Conclusions: It is concluded from the results of our study that area of necrotic tissue that resulted due to anoxia is the cause of brain damage in more than 85% and is responsible for morbidity and mortality in patients with CVA. . The cerebrovascular accident impairs the quality of life and is the cause of bringing the misery to ones life besides physical disabilities and financial burden to the patient himself and the family. Some of the risk factors are controllable and proper education to the society must be given to put a check on the increasing number of the cases.

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