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ANALYSIS OF VISUAL INSPECTION OF CERVIX WITH 5% ACETIC ACID (VIA) IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL CANCER

Dr Naila Amjad, Dr Isra Jamil, Dr Atika Batool

Introduction: The much higher incidence of cervical cancer in developing nations, as compared with that in developed nations, has been ascribed to the fact that it has been possible to maintain effective Pap smear screening programs in the developed world but not in the developing world. Aims and objectives: The main objective of the study is to analyze the visual inspection of cervix with 5% acetic acid (VIA) in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad during September 2018 to March 2019. The data was collected from 100 female participants. Participants consented to an interviewer-administered questionnaire and also provided biological specimens. The participants were screened by Pap smear and HPV DNA testing of a physician-collected cervical swab, as well as by VIA. Pap smears were collected by spatula and endocervical brush, smeared onto a glass slide, and fixed in ethanol. Results: The data was collected from 100 female patients. The women ranged in age from 25 to 85 years; about 64% were <40 years old. Almost 70% of the women reported not having any formal education. A large majority (87%) was currently married. Few women (a little more than 1%) reported having had a previous Pap smear. Almost 32% of women had an abnormal result in at least one of the three screening tests, but less than 1% had an abnormal result in all three tests. Conclusion: It is concluded that cervical cancer screening by visual inspection showed appropriate diagnostic accuracy when used to detect early cervical lesions.

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