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PREVALENCE, INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND CORRELATES OF URINARY INCONTINENCE IN MIDDLE AGED WOMEN

Dr Humayun Safdar, Dr Omar Quddus Khan, Muhammad Imran Hanif

Objective: To find out the prevalence of UI among women and risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) in young and middle-aged women. Subjects and method: in 2019 the prevalence of overall, stress, urge and mixed UI was assessed in women who come in Fatima Memorial Hospital. 2800 women received a questionnaire. The usual risk factors for constitutional events, i.e. increasing age, obesity (defined as a body mass index of >25),obstetric events (pregnancy, previous Caesarean delivery, previous vaginal delivery, postpartum incontinence) and gynecological events (hysterectomy)were evaluated. Results: Of the 1700 women (mean age 40.0 years)who returned the questionnaire, 467 (27.5%, 95%confidence interval, CI, 25.4±29.7) reported UI, comprising 210 (12.4%, 10.8±14.0) with stress UI,28 (1.6%, 1.1±2.4) with urge UI and 229 (13.5%,11.9±15.2) with mixed UI. Thirty-eight women(8.1%) had frequent urinary leakage, comprising one (0.5%), four(14.3%) and 33 (14.4%) with stress, urge and mixed UI. The prevalence of UI increased significantly with age ≥40 years, with relative risk (95% CI) of 2.16 (1.86±2.57), and with pregnancy (2.22, 1.71±2.87), previous vaginal delivery (2.15, 1.72±2.69), postpartum incontinence(2.57, 2.22±2.97), and hysterectomy (1.52,1.11±2.08). Obesity (1.14, 0.99±1.32) and previous Caesarean delivery (2.15, 1.72±2.69) did not significantly increase the risk of UI. The risk factors for stress UI were age >40 years, pregnancy, previous vaginal delivery, postpartum incontinence and hysterectomy, but there was no relationship between stress UI and obesity or previous Caesarean delivery. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of UI middle-aged women Gynecological and obstetric events (pregnancy, particularly previous vaginal delivery and hysterectomy) were the most prominent risk factors, especially for stress UI. Keyword: urinary incontinence, women, risk factors, prevalence, pregnancy, hysterectomy

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