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ASSESSMENT OF GOLDEN PROPORTION BETWEEN MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH IN UNDER GRADUATE STUDENTS OF MAYO HOSPITAL LAHORE

Dr Imad Ali, Dr Ahmad Ali, Dr Tariq Shah

Background: The golden proportion is a mathematically constant ratio between the larger and smaller length. The ratio is approximately 1.618:1 In terms of proportion, the smaller tooth is about 62% the size of the larger one. Golden, because it is noble, unique, ideal and perfect with many amazing properties. Abbreviated to Greek Letter Phi. First Described by Euclid Where to find golden ratio. In the next few slides, some examples of the Golden Proportion are depicted. Many of them have Golden Mean Gauge, superimposed over the picture. One of the important and critical tasks in esthetic dentistry is creating a harmonious proportion when restoring or replacing. The concept of Golden proportion has often been offered as a corner stone of smile design theory. Aim: To investigate the existence of Golden Proportion between the widths of maxillary anterior teeth of undergraduate dental students at Mayo Hospital Lahore. Methodology: Entire procedure was made simple as the subjects for the study were evaluated in normal clinical situations rather than in complex environment. Each measurement was made thrice by the same operator and the repetitive value was used for accuracy and calibration of results. The golden proportion for each subject was assessed by multiplying the width of the larger component by 62% and compared with the width of the smaller component for proportion to be analyzed. The measurements were recorded and statistically analyzed using Student’s paired t-test at α=0.05. Undergraduate dental student volunteers from Mayo Hospital Lahore. 100 Students (50 males and 50 females). Mean age: 2o– 25 years. Result: Descriptive statistics were calculated for the frequency of participants having various ratios of golden proportions based on sex. Chi square analysis was used to find if there exists any association between sex and various ratios of golden proportions. Alpha error was set at 5% and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Frequency and percentage of ratio in the study sample Ratio Males Females Total 1.1 0 (0%) 1 (1%) 1% 1.2 19 (38%) 17 (34%) 36% 1.3 15 (30%) 18 (36%) 33% 1.4 6 (12%) 5 (10%) 11% 1.5 6 (12%) 4 (8%) 10% 1.6 4 (8%) 5 (10%) 9%. Frequency and percentage of ratio in the study sample 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1 2 3. The ratio of 1.2 and 1.3 were more commonly observed in 36% and 33% of individuals than 1.618. The ratio of 1.5 and 1.6 were found in 10% and 9% of the study group evaluated. The 1.2 ratio which was commonly observed was substantiated by Rosensteil et al. Javaheri and Shahnavaz, Jahanbin et al., Decker, Sarver and Ackerman, Howells and Shaw. Conclusion: The results of this study showed golden proportion ratio of 1.6 in 9% of study samples. No major differences in proportion existed between the sexes and symmetry of teeth. Findings of this study were substantiated by other investigations of de Castro et al., Ong et al., Wolfart et al., Shell and Woods done on non-Indian population. The results of this study have inferred that golden proportion is not seen in majority of the patients. Keywords: Assessment, golden proportion, maxillary anterior teeth, under graduate students, Mayo Hospital Lahore.