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LEVEL OF TOXICITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF LANSAU TRADITIONAL MEDICINE OF MUNA TRIBE FROM SOUTH EAST SULAWESI

Sunandar Ihsan, Henny Kasmawati, Suryani, Nur Samsiar, Ardiyanti, Zulfikar Tahir, Rahmat Darmawan, Elsa Alexander, Ruslin

Abstract: Lansau as a traditional medicine from Muna ethnic Southeast Celebes consist of 44 kinds of herbal medicine. Lansau related to spiritual philosophic of Muna ethnic adopted from Islamic mysticism. This study aims to investigate the level of toxicity of the 44 kinds of traditional medicinal plants of Lansau, against larval shrimp Artemia Salina L. with BSLT method. Phytochemical screening using Thin Layer Chromatography techniques to determine the compound from each part of the plants consists of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and triterpenoid and toxicity test against Artemia Salina L. larvae of Artemia salina L. Mortality data were analyzed by probit analysis using SPSS 19 to determine the LC50 value for each sample. Toxic extract when the value LC50 <1000 µg/mL. Results show that the toxicity of the 44 samples tested 27 were toxic. Samples that have the smallest LC50 value (38,330 µg/mL) is the leaves of Lantana camara L. while samples which showed the largest LC50 value (3383,633 µg/mL) are leaves of Eleusine indica L. Results of 44 plants phytochemical screening showed that all plants contain metabolite secunder alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoid but there are compounds that are not found in certain plants. Keywords: Lansau, screening phytochemical, toxicity, Artemia salina L., LC50.

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