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TITLE:

IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE ANEMIA ON OUTCOMES OF CARDIAC SURGERY

AUTHORS:

Dr Kinza Khan Babar, Dr Javeria Bukhari, Dr Abeera Abdul Ghaffar

ABSTRACT:

Objective: It is known that good control of anemia reduces pre-operative mortality and morbidity. That is why we are investigating the effect of preoperative anemia on the result after heart surgery. Methods and methods: This prospective comparative observational study was conducted in the cardiology department of Jinnah Hospital Lahore for one-year duration from January 2019 to January 2020. All operations were performed using peripheral pulmonary circulation (CPB) and the results were recorded in hospital. Results: Of 200 patients, 140 (70%) were male and 60 (30%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 50.63 ± 15.33 years, and the mean hemoglobin level was 12.20 ± 1.98 mg / dl. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients were 132 (66%) and 68 (34%) patients who underwent valve surgery. The incidence of anemia was 114 (57%). Preoperative anemia was associated with long-term hospitalization (CABG; 15.0 ± 6.38 vs. 7.93 ± 4.7 and valve; 17.28 ± 5.7 vs 8.65 ± 5.31), increased creatinine levels after surgery (CABG; 2.87 ± 0.16 vs 0.98 ± 0.61 and valve); 2.76 ± 0.16 and 0.86 ± 0.14) and in patients with cardiac surgery (CABG; 1.67 ± 0.98 and 1.26 ± 0.60 and faster valve transfusion); 1.65 ± 1.07 and 1.14 ± 1) 06). Patients with anemia before surgery are more likely to get negative results after cardiac surgery. Postoperative wound infection (3.03% vs 2.94%), kidney damage (19.69% vs 10.29%), stroke (3.03% vs 0), postoperative MI (6%, 4.41% compared to patients with CABG) and AF (8.82% compared to 10.6 patients with valve and patients in whom preoperative anemia was again detected (4.54% vs. 14.70%) compared to CABG. Conclusion: Pre-operative anemia is associated with high hospital mortality and serious side effects in patients operated on for coronary and valvular disease. Key words: MI: myocardial infarction, CABG: coronary artery bypass, CPB: pulmonary bypass, HB: hemoglobin, BT: blood transfusion.

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