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STRUCTURE OF MORTALITY AMONG CVA PATIENTS ADMITTED IN MEDICAL WARD 6 OF DHQ/TEACHING HOSPITAL, GUJRANWALA

Dr. Shaza Khawar, Dr. Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat, Dr. Anum Sarwar

Background: Interruption in blood supply to all or part of the brain, resulting in temporary or permanent damage to that part with variable neurological consequences depending upon the part involved called stroke or CVA presents with a variety of neurological signs and symptoms and poses great challenges to our healthcare delivery systems as the disease is both preventable and treatable. The earliest possible action can prevent permanent damage to the part of the brain affected and the complications that follow. Having data regarding stroke mortality can help in monitoring disease trends and planning effective public health interventions. Objective: To assess the structure of mortality and to determine correlation with different co-morbidities in patients with stroke/CVA in DHQ/Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, performed on 199 patients who were diagnosed as having CVA and admitted in Medical Ward 6 of DHQ/Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala, between February 2018 and July 2018, chosen by the convenient sampling technique. Data regarding the demographic features of these patients along with their presenting complaints, diagnoses, whether new or recurrent, and whether ischemic or hemorrhagic, and their direct cause of death was collected via structured proformas and analyzed. Results: A total of 1095 patients were analyzed, out of which 199 (18.2%) were diagnosed as CVA. Out of these, 42.7% (85) were males and 57.3% (114) were females. The male to female ratio was 1:1.3. Mean age of occurrence was 65.8 years with an SD of ±16.03. Mean (SD) stay of duration was 3.4 days (±2.39). HTN was the commonest co-morbid condition found in 144 (72.4%) patients, while DM, previous CVA, CLD, and CKD were found in 78 (39.2%), 67 (33.7%), 11 (5.5%), and 2 (1.01%) respectively. The mortality rate was 22.11% and the commonest causes of mortality were brain death, aspiration pneumonia, and septic shock. Conclusions: Stroke/CVA is one of the leading causes of mortality in our settings, and HTN and DM are the commonest risk factors associated, which can be explained by poor health services, lack of awareness regarding primary and secondary prevention, and low levels of compliance with treatment. Keywords: mortality, stroke/CVA, DHQ/Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala

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