ResearcherID - CLICK HERE Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF-2020) - CLICK HERE

ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE IN HEALTHY GUT FLORA: A REPORT FROM COMMUNITY IN SOUTH PUNJAB

Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Tehseen, Dr.Ayesha Saddiqa,Dr.Saira Shafee

Context and objectives: the frequent use of β-lactam antibiotics in the population and in hospitals has transformed the healthy human intestinal flora into a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant organisms. This study was conducted to determine the presence of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in faeces in the community of South punjab Methods: In this prospective study, 207 stool samples of apparently healthy individuals were collected from August to October 2015 . Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time, while air mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and antibiotic susceptibility were determined using the Clinical disc diffusion method Laboratory Standard Institute. The spread spectrum β-lactamase detection (TEM, SHV, OXA-1, CTXM 1, CTXM 2, CTXM 9 and CTXM 8/25), carbapenemase (IMP, VIM and KPC) . Results: of the interviewed population, 55.5 percent were women and 60 percent were illiterate or had only primary education; 43.4 percent of people were under 20 years old. Overall, 70.5 percent of stool samples had antibiotic-resistant isolates. Maximum resistance was observed for cephalosporins (60.4%), followed by fluoroquinolones (41.5%). The multiresistant (MDR) isolates were 2.4 percent. The most frequently detected genes were TEM, SHV, OXA-1, CTXM-1, CTXM-2, CTXM-9 and CTXM-8/25-β-lactamase. Escherichia coli was the most abundant resistant isolate and TEM was the most frequently detected gene. Interpretation and conclusions: Overall, 70.5 percent of Enterobacteriaceae members had antibiotic resistance in the community and 2.4 percent were MDR. Higher resistance rates were observed for the most commonly used drugs such as cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. A high rate of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the intestines of healthy individuals indicates the need for active screening and prevention of spread. Key words Antimicrobial resistance - community health - Enterobacteriaceae - extended-spectrum β-lactamases - gut resistome -multidrug-resistant organisms

FULL TEXT