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DOVATO - A NEW DRUG FOR HIV INFECTION – REVIEW

Sneha K Oommen*, Sherin S, Saflana Thaha, Irene Thomas, Ansa Mathew

Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is spread primarily by unprotected sex, contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. Dovato is the first FDA-approved two-drug, fixed-dose, complete regimen for HIV-infected adults who have never received treatment for HIV. The FDA granted approval of Dovato to ViiV Healthcare in April 2019. It is a fixed-dose combination product containing 50 mg of dolutegravir and 300 mg of lamivudine. In clinical trials, 91% of people who took Dovato shows decrease in HIV infection. Dolutegravir is an antiretroviral agent for HIV-1. It inhibits the integrase of HIV by binding to the active site and blocking the step of transferring the retroviral DNA integration filament into the host cell. The filament transfer phase is essential in the HIV replication cycle and leads to the inhibition of virus activity. Lamivudine is incorporated into the viral DNA by HIV reverse transcriptase and HBV polymerase, resulting in the termination of the DNA chain. It shows less side effects as compared to other drugs. Dovato is a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV infection and should not be used with other HIV medicines. Keywords: Dovato, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)

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