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THE PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF RISKY BEHAVIORS AMONG SUBJECTS WITH DIABETES IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH JEDDAH 2018

Dr. Mohammed Alghalibi, Dr. Osama Alharbi, Dr. Sulafa Alqutub

Background: Saudi Arabia has one of the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the world. The continuous increasing prevalence is further aggravated by the increasing prevalence of risk factors contributing to diabetes such as physical inactivity, overweight and obesity throughout the population. Aim of Study: The purpose of this study is determine which risk factors are prevalent among diabetic patients. Methodology: Following a cross-sectional study design, 291 diabetic patients attending primary health care centers in Jeddah were interviewed. Results: Around 86.6% [251 patients] were classified with Type II diabetes, while 12.4% [36 patients] were classified with Type I diabetes. Only 10.6% [30 patients] are presently smoking, while 15.8% [45 patients] stopped smoking. Eighty percent [231 patients] are engaged in low physical activity. Smoking is suggested to be associated with physical activity, with former smokers mostly engaged in high physical activity. Younger age is associated with medium physical activity, while those with high BMI are associated with high physical activity. Those earning between 5000-10000 SAR or being retired appear to have a higher association with low physical activity. For risky behaviors, age, physical activity and job status were the strongest factors determining medical administration. BMI is the strongest determinant of healthy lifestyle attitude score, while increasing monthly income has an inverse effect. Overall, BMI, monthly income, and physical activity are the strongest determinants of risky behavior. Conclusions: Based on findings of the present study, high BMI, low physical activity and monthly income are significant factors in diabetes. Smoking also contributes in the development of diabetes progression through its effect on physical activity and BMI. Programs promoting increased physical activity and weight management should be added in present health interventions. A preventive approach showing the effects of smoking and high BMI should encourage those not at risk to be more physically active.

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