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A CROSS-SECTIONAL RESEARCH TO DOCUMENT THE ASSOCIATION OF ARTERIAL STIFFENING WITH OBESITY, ADIPOSITY AND RELATED CONTEMPORARY CARDIOMETABOLIC INDICATORS

Dr Rabia Islam, Dr Saleha Islam, Dr Abdullah Islam

Background: Prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has issues among obese adolescents because of the lack of the validation of metabolic and adiposity markers. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) can potentially arrest the enhanced CVD risk as an arterial stiffening proxy. Objectives: The research was aimed to investigate the correlation between conventional metabolic factors, adiposity and PWV among a population with (BMI >95th centile). Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. Lahore (August 2018 to March 2019). Total 174 adolescents with (BMI > 95th centile) with an age bracket of (12 – 19) years were included in the research. The research sample consisted of 63% females and 37% males with further ethnic distribution of 66 white (38%), 53 black (30%), 36 South Asian (21%) and 19 mixed/other (11%). We did not include patients with genetic disorders, endocrine issues and chronic medical issues except asthma. Bioimpedance was used to measure BMI z-score, fat mass index and waist z-score; whereas, sagittal abdominal dimension, resting blood pressure and cardiometabolic blood tests were also collected. Single operator documented measurements of Carotid radial PWV. Results: PWV has no relation with pubertal; whereas, it has a relation with age. PWV has a positive correlation with adiposity (zBMI, FMI, waist z-score and SAD). BP and PWV have no correlation; whereas, few correlations were existing with cardiometabolic blood. There was robust relation between adiposity and PWV measures in order to adjust in multivariable models excluding SAD. Patients with SD values of zBMI (>2.5 & >3.5) showed increased PWV average with greater overlap between the groups. Conclusions: Our population showed an increase in the adiposity which has a positive relation with arterial stiffness; however, segregation through severity level was not reliable. The lack of correlations between blood pressure, arterial stiffness and cardiometabolic blood compromises the factors of reliability which predict the chances of CVD among obese adolescents. Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Metabolic, Adiposity, Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV), Obesity, Ethnicity and Cardiometabolic.

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