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CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METABOLIC PREPARATION IN EXPERIMENTAL DOXORUBICIN CARDIOMYOPATHY.

V.I. Kharina, I.V. Kovalenko, K.M. Reznikov, T.A. Berezhnova

The purpose of the study is to examine the cardioprotective properties of metabolic preparation Meldonium in case of Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in experiment. Materials and methods: The research was carried out on 40 sexually mature male rabbits that received Doxorubicin four times, once a week, in a dose of 2 mg/kg with the aim of cardiomyopathy modelling. After the development of cardiomyopathy all the animals were divided into 2 groups. The rabbits in the first control group did not receive any correction measures, the animals in the second experimental group received Meldonium in a dose of 15 mg/kg intramuscularly. To identify the cardiotoxic effect of Doxorubicin and evaluate the Meldonium effect the following standard research methods were used: the electrocardiogram evaluation, biochemical blood test and morphological examination. Results: The result of Doxorubicin effect on the animals’ hearts in the experiment is the development of cardiomyopathy, which makes timely cardioprotective measures necessary. It appeared that the Meldonim injection is able to limit the development of tachycardia and the extent of myocardial damage evaluated by electrocardiogram. While in the control group the heart rate exceeded the original values in 14 days and on the 14th day the prevailing was myocardial damage of III degree. The researched biochemical blood indicators of the experimental group reduced in the same degree as in the animal of the control group and did not differ reliably from the level of original values by the end of experiment. The conducted left ventricular myocardium morphological examination of the animals treated with Meldonium in comparison with the animals from the control group indicated the most distinct adaptive reactions. The amount of fuchsin positive cardiomyocytes, obtained by haematoxylin-basic fuchsin-picric acid method, in field of vision of the animals from the experimental group was 6.9 ±0.6, which was 2.3 times less than in the control group, which evidences the decrease of metabolic and ischemic damage of myocardium after the Meldonium administration. Conclusion: The 14-day administration of Meldonium showed cardio- and cytoprotective properties, allowed to reduce the myocardial damage and the tachycardia development to a greater extent, as well as reduce the increase of biochemical blood indicators (SPGT, AST, CPK and LDH). Keywords: Doxorubicin, Meldonium, cardiomyopathy, experiment, rabbits.

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