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EFFECTS OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT ON GINGIVAL HEALTH: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Dr Sara Shoaib, Dr Bakhtawar Mushtaq, Dr Nausheen pearl Daniel, Dr Ausjah Abbas, Dr Muhammad Junaid Ahmed

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of orthodontic treatment and fixed retainers with gingival health. Design: observational study. Place of Study: This study was conducted at Dental unit of Sir Syed Dental Hospital Karachi Patient(s): The study comprised of 80 patients who came in dental clinic for routine dental examination between the time period of August 2017 to August 2018. Procedure: Plaque and gingival indices, gingival recession, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were measured at the anterior sextants. In the presence of fixed retainer, the distance was measured. It measured between the retainer and incised edge and to the cemento-enamel junction. Past orthodontic treatment and smoking habits were self-reported. By the presence or absence of fixed retainers, Post orthodontic patients were sorted. Main Outcome Measure(s): gingival health Result(s): The mean probing depth was 1.90 – 0.2 mm, and gingival recession was 0.06 – 0.02 mm; 20.8% of all sites exhibited bleeding on probing. Current smoking was reported by 20 (21.7%) patients. Labial gingival recession was significantly greater in treated (0.13 – 0.2 mm) patients compared to non-treated patients (0.05 – 0.2 mm; P = 0.03). Patients with fixed retainers Localized lingual gingival recession was significantly greater in teeth (0.09 – 0.2 mm) as compared to patient’s teeth with no fixed retainers (0.01 – 0.1 mm; P = 0.0002), as were plaque and gingival indices and bleeding on probing. A weak, positive correlation was showed by Plaque on the lingual/palatal aspect with lingual gingival recession (r = 0.16; P = 0.033). Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment is significantly associated in increased destruction of the periodontal structures. Key words: Gingival health, Orthodontic treatment, Periodontitis

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