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COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF NEW VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS SUGAR SORGHUM IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH RUSSIA

Sergey Kapustin, Alexander Volodin, Andrey Kapustin

The duration of the sprouting-sprouting period for mid-early varieties (Knyazhna and A-3615 lines) was 62-64 days, for medium-ripening (Zersta 38A, Korichnevozernoye 11S, Viktoriya and No. 7812) - 66-68 days. In the late-ripe hybrid Yarik, it lasted 98 days. The most significant initial plant growth rates were found in the Yarik hybrid and its paternal form, variety Galiya (43 cm). The maximum height of plants had hybrids Yarik (306 cm), Alga (269 cm) and the new variety Guzel (272 cm). The heterosis of plant height at seed ripening at Yarik was 42.8%. According to the combination of the length of the panicle (20.5-30.0 cm) and its protrusion from the bell of the upper sheet (12.0-22.0 cm), the best indicators were found in Yarik, Alga, Knyazhna, Guzel and Galiya. On average for 2016-2018 the maximum yield of green and dry mass was obtained from the Yarik hybrid - 103.3 t ha-1 and 27.9 t ha-1. For other options, it was 69.7 and 19.7 t ha-1, respectively, for Alga, 70.6 and 19.1 t ha-1 for Guzel and for the Galiya standard 49.9 and 14.2 t ha-1. The true heterosis of green mass yield in the Yarik hybrid had values of 71.4 t ha-1 (69.1%). The highest sugar content in the juice of the stems was recorded for variants No. 7812 (18.4%), No. 8611 (18.3%). Higher than the standard Galiya (14.2%) sugar content was also obtained from the Larets line (15.2%), varieties Victoria (16.6%) and Guzel (16.8%). In the Alga and Yarik hybrids, this trait had values of 13.7% and 13.8%. Keywords: line, variety, hybrid, heterosis, sugar sorghum, yield, plant height, sugar content

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