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A RESEARCH STUDY TO ASSESS THE SIGNIFICANT COMPLICATIONS AND PATTERN OF DIABETIC FOOT DISEASE, WHICH LEADS TO AMPUTATION

Dr Muhammad Akhter, Dr Muhammad Abdullah Waqar, Dr Muhammad Ahsan Akram

Objective: Diabetic foot is a significant diabetes complication, which may also result in amputations. Therefore, our research objective is to evaluate the pattern and causes of amputations among patients of diabetes. Subjects and Methods: We carried out this research on 1985 patients at Allied hospital Faisalabad from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. There were 1249 males and 736 female patients in the research sample. In these patients, 1295 had experienced minor and major amputations. Data was collected on a pre-designed Performa, which collected information about amputations level, detail of deformity, diabetic history, amputations cause and related diabetic complications. Peripheral vascular disease and neuropathy were respectively evaluated by Doppler studies and 10g monofilament and tuning fork (125 Hz). Results: Primary reason for amputations was an infection as ninety percent of patients presented infection. Among amputations, there were 918 cases of minor amputations (70.9%) and 377 of major amputations (29.1%). Patients experiencing amputations experienced 11.9% above the knee and 50% below knee amputations. More than fifty percent of amputations were of rays and toes. Claw toes, neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease occurrence were respectively 64%, 82% and 35%. Conclusion: In the light of outcomes, it is concluded that the leading cause of amputation is an infection. Rays, toes and below knee amputations are common among reported amputations. Proper footwear selection and foot care education need more emphasis among diabetic patients. Keywords: Neuropathy, Below Knee, Above Knee, Amputations, Major, Minor, Footwear, Rays, Toes, Foot, Diabetic, Diabetes and Vascular Disease.

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