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TOXICITY EFFECTS OF HAIR DYE APPLICATION ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS

Dr. Salah Eldeen Dafalla, Dr. Shaik Rasheed Ahemad, Dr. Ehab Ibrahim Salih El-Amin

Hair dye poisoning has been emerging as one of the important causes of intentional self-harm in the developing world. Hair dyes contain Para-Phenylenediamine and a host of other chemicals that can cause Rhabdomyolysis, laryngeal edema. This study aims to determine the toxicity effects of hair dye application on respiratory system in rats. In this study, Albino Westar Rats were obtained from the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum – Sudan in October 2016. The rats were randomly divided into two batches on the basis of using commercial Para-Phenylenediamine as oral or subcutaneous administration respectively; each batch has four groups [control and three test groups] each comprising six rats. Batch-1 [group-2, 3, and 4 orally administered with 10, 20, and 30mg/kg body weight of PPD, respectively]; and Batch-2 [group-2, 3, and 4 subcutaneously administered with 10, 20, and 30mg/kg body weight of PPD, respectively]. The study was conducted in the period from July 2013 to February 2014. The laboratory features in this study indicated tapering decrease in the arterial blood gasses parameters among the different route [subcutaneous and oral] particularly the partial pressure oxygen and the bicarbonate accompanied by significant decrease in the pH and hemoglobin. This results may indicated the outcome of the respiratory distress and the relevant complications such as dyspnea, tachypnea, and asphyxia that reached over 85% as a clinical sign between the different groups using different route of administration. All experimental protocol was approved by the Ethical Approval Committee for Animal Experimental of National Research Institute, Ministry of Science and Technology in November 2016. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Faculty of Laboratory Sciences at Omdurman Islamic University-Sudan in 15 December 2016 prior to enrollment in the study. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical package for social sciences [SPSS] version 20 and excel 2007 statistical program. The study highlighted the major toxicity of commercial PDD and its association with respiratory system. Key words: Hair dye, Paraphenylenediamine, Asphyxia, Respiratory distress.

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