Volume : 11, Issue : 11, November – 2024
Title:
BACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS-UPDATED DATA FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
Authors :
Mousa Saleh E Alhazmi, Bassam Mohammed Tana Almutlaq, Mohammed Mejdl Alruwaili, Naif shaim Alanazi, Sultan Fayadh Alanazi, Basheer Sunaytan Aldahmashi
Abstract :
Background: Bacterial gastroenteritis is a major global health concern characterized by inflammation of the stomach and small intestine, leading to diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It is caused by pathogens such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), with varying severity based on host factors and geographic location.
Aim: This article provides updated clinical data for healthcare professionals on the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of bacterial gastroenteritis, emphasizing evidence-based approaches to improve patient outcomes.
Methods: A comprehensive review of current literature was conducted, focusing on epidemiology, histopathology, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment protocols. Data from surveillance programs (e.g., CDC FoodNet) and clinical guidelines were analyzed.
Results: Bacterial gastroenteritis accounts for 48 million annual cases in the U.S., with Salmonella and Campylobacter being predominant. Severe cases often require hospitalization, especially in high-risk groups (e.g., elderly, immunocompromised). Diagnosis hinges on stool cultures, toxin assays, and electrolyte monitoring. Treatment prioritizes rehydration, with antibiotics reserved for invasive infections (e.g., azithromycin for Campylobacter). Complications like hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and Guillain-Barré syndrome underscore the need for timely intervention.
Conclusion: Effective management requires an interprofessional approach, combining hydration therapy, judicious antibiotic use, and patient education. Public health measures and antimicrobial stewardship are critical to reducing morbidity.
Keywords: Bacterial gastroenteritis, diarrhea, Salmonella, Campylobacter, rehydration, antibiotic stewardship.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Mousa Saleh E Alhazmi et al., Bacterial Gastroenteritis-Updated Data For Healthcare Professionals..,Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (11).
Number of Downloads : 10
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