Volume : 12, Issue : 10, October – 2025
Title:
OVERVIEW ON DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN ANTACID SUSPENSION
Authors :
Nikita M. Kawarkhe*, Prof. Narayan Kalve, Dr. Swati Deshmukh
Abstract :
Antacids are among the most extensively used pharmaceutical agents for the neutralization of excess gastric acid and the relief of symptoms such as heartburn, acidity, and dyspepsia. A wide range of over-the-counter (OTC) antacid formulations are available globally, formulated either as single or combination preparations containing active ingredients effective in controlling gastric hyperacidity. Based on their absorption profile, antacids are broadly classified into systemic and non-systemic categories. Systemic antacids, including sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate, are absorbed into systemic circulation, while non-systemic antacids such as aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide act locally by neutralizing or adsorbing gastric acid. Among the various dosage forms, suspensions are preferred due to their pre-dispersed nature, larger surface area, and faster acid-neutralizing capacity compared to solid formulations. Pharmaceutical suspensions are biphasic systems consisting of finely divided insoluble particles dispersed in a liquid medium, usually stabilized by suspending agents that enhance physical stability and redispersibility. Aluminium hydroxide, a common component of antacid formulations, is effective but may exhibit toxicity upon prolonged accumulation. The pathophysiology of gastric acidity involves excessive secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by parietal cells, leading to a gastric pH range of 1.5–2.5 in the fasting state and 5–6 postprandially. Due to their alkaline nature, antacid suspensions are prone to microbial contamination, emphasizing the importance of incorporating suitable preservatives. This review highlights the formulation aspects, mechanisms of action, classification, and stability considerations of antacid suspensions, providing a comprehensive overview of their therapeutic importance and formulation challenges in modern pharmaceutics.
Keyword: Antacid, Suspension, Formulation development, Acid neutralizing capacity, Aluminium hydroxide, stability studies
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Nikita Madhukar Kawarkhe et al., Overview On Development And Evaluation Of An Antacid Suspension, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2025; 12(10).
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