Volume : 13, Issue : 09, September – 2026

Title:

STUDY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES IN CITRUS MEDICA EXTRACT USING UV AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Authors :

Kirti Ahirwar*, Mr. Ankit Diwan, Dr. Kuldeep Ganju

Abstract :

The present study was undertaken to evaluate different extraction techniques for the preparation and phytochemical characterization of the hydroalcoholic extract of Citrus medica. Maceration, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were employed, and the obtained extracts were evaluated for percentage yield, preliminary phytochemical constituents, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, quercetin content, and antioxidant activity. The MAE method produced the highest extract yield of 15.04%, compared with 13.08% for maceration and 9.38% for UAE. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several bioactive constituents, particularly flavonoids, phenols, proteins, and saponins. TLC analysis using rutin as a marker showed an Rf value of 0.48 for the extracts. Among the extraction methods, the MAE extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (7.884 ± 1.87 mg GAE/100 mg extract) and total flavonoid content (5.972 ± 1.36 mg QE/100 mg extract). HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin in the MAE extract with a retention time of 2.300 min and an assay value of 0.085%. The antioxidant activity of the selected extract was concentration dependent. In the DPPH assay, the extract showed an IC₅₀ value of 88.31 µg/ml, while the IC₅₀ of ascorbic acid was 24.15 µg/ml. In the hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, the extract showed an IC₅₀ value of 75.32 µg/ml compared with 25.83 µg/ml for ascorbic acid. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted extraction was the most effective method among those investigated for obtaining a phenolic- and flavonoid-rich hydroalcoholic extract of Citrus medica, which demonstrated appreciable antioxidant potential.
Keywords: Citrus medica, hydroalcoholic extract, microwave-assisted extraction, phytochemical screening, flavonoids, phenolic content, quercetin, antioxidant activity, DPPH, hydrogen peroxide.

Cite This Article:

Please cite this article in press Kirti Ahirwar et al., Study Of Secondary Metabolites In Citrus Medica Extract Using Uv And Chromatographic Techniques.,. Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2026; 13(10).

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