Volume : 09, Issue : 12, December – 2022
Title:
34.A STUDY ON THE FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION AMONG INDIVIDUAL WITH LOWER VITAMIN D LEVELS
Authors :
Dr Eman AbdulAziz Balbaid , Dr Hoda Jehad Abousada , Dr. Ghayda ghazi Alqurashi,Dr. Zainab Sabti Almeiarfi, Dr.Ali Abdelrahman Ahmed, Dr. Ahmad Gazaa ALRashedi, Dr. Hala Mohammed Aljahdali3,Dr. Abdulaziz Jarad Alghamdi, Dr. Talal jameel alshahrani, Dr. Ali dhaifallah alqarni, Dr.Abdullah hazza alqahtani, Dr.Abdulaziz Ateeq Alotaibi, Dr. Abdulaziz Sultan Alsuhibani, Ahmed Yahya Haqawi and RN. Harbiyyah mashan alharbi
Abstract :
Objective: This research aims to determine the factors that are responsible for the symptoms of depression among individuals with lower vitamin D levels.
Methods: The current study adopted an approach that is exploratory study design which is deductive in nature such that the generalized observations on the relationship between depression and vitamin D deficiency can be specified into certain sections for better correlation and understanding. The sample size undertaken for the study was 811 in order to better understand the factors responsible and their contribution towards the formation of link between depression and vitamin D deficiency.
Results: The study included 811 participants. The most frequent weight among them was 66-75 kg (n= 296, 36.5%) followed by 51-65 kg (n= 207, 25.5%). The most frequent height among study participants was 151-160 cm (n= 319, 39.3%) followed by 161-170 cm (n= 268, 33%). The most frequent body mass index value among study participants was 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 (n= 323, 39.8%) followed by 25-29.9 kg/m2 (n= 273, 33.7%). Skin color varied among study participants with most of them had medium skin color (n= 372, 45.9%) followed by fair skin color (n= 345, 42.5%) and the least common skin color is morena (n= 94, 11.6%). The perceived daily calorie intake varied among study participants with most of them had 2000-2999 Kcal. Participants physical activity was low. The most frequent food was rice (n= 245, 30.2%) followed by dairy products (n= 186, 22.9%). Social connection was average among most of participants (n= 372, 45.9%) and good among 352 participants (43.4%). On the contrary, it was bad among 87 participants (10.7%).
Conclusion: Study results showed that most of study participants are overweight according to their BMI. Most common skin color was medium followed by fair skin. Participants eat high calorie intake. They experience sun burning sensations often. Their daily intake relies on rice and dairy products. Their physical activity is low. In addition, most of study participants had good social connection.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Eman AbdulAziz Balbaid et al, A Study On The Factors Responsible For The Symptoms Of Depression Among Individual With Lower Vitamin D Levels.., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2022; 09(12).
Number of Downloads : 10
References:
2. Kjærgaard M, Waterloo K, Wang CEA, Almås B, Figenschau Y, Hutchinson MS, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: Nested case-control study and randomised clinical trial. Br J Psychiatry J Ment Sci. 2012;201:360–8.
3. Zhou Q, Shao Y, Gan Z, Fang L. Lower vitamin D levels are associated with depression in patients with gout [Internet] Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2019;15:227–31.
4. Milaneschi Y, Hoogendijk W, Lips P, Heijboer AC, Schoevers R, van Hemert AM, et al. The association between low vitamin D and depressive disorders. Mol Psychiatry. 2014;19:444–51.
5. Lee DM, Tajar A, O’Neill TW, O’Connor DB, Bartfai G, Boonen S, et al. Lower vitamin D levels are associated with depression among community-dwelling European men. J Psychopharmacol Oxf Engl. 2011;25:1320–8.
6. Parker G, Brotchie H. “D” for depression: Any role for vitamin D.“Food for Thought” II? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011;124:243–9.
7. Johnston KM, Powell LC, Anderson IM, Szabo S, Cline S. The burden of treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review of the economic and quality of life literature. J Affect Disord. 2019;242:195–210.
8. Wierzbicka JM, Żmijewski MA, Piotrowska A, Nedoszytko B, Lange M, Tuckey RC, et al. Bioactive forms of vitamin D selectively stimulate the skin analog of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in human epidermal keratinocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2016;437:312–22.
9. Köhler O, Krogh J, Mors O, Benros ME. Inflammation in depression and the potential for anti-inflammatory treatment. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14:732–42.
10. Menon V, Ameen S. Immunoinflammatory therapies in psychiatry: Current evidence base. Indian J Psychol Med. 2017;39:721–6.
11. Muscogiuri G, Altieri B, Penna-Martinez M, Badenhoop K. Focus on vitamin D and the adrenal gland. Horm Metab Res Horm Stoffwechselforschung Horm Metab. 2015;47:239–46.
12. Muthuramalingam A, Menon V, Rajkumar RP, Negi VS. Is depression an inflammatory disease? findings from a cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center. Indian J Psychol Med. 2016;38:114.
13. Miller AH, Raison CL. The role of inflammation in depression: From evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16:22–34.
14. Berridge MJ. Vitamin D and depression: Cellular and regulatory mechanisms. Pharmacol Rev. 2017;69:80–92.
15. Song C, Wang H. Cytokines mediated inflammation and decreased neurogenesis in animal models of depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35:760–8.
16. Mousa A, Naderpoor N, de Courten MP, de Courten B. Vitamin D and symptoms of depression in overweight or obese adults: a cross-sectional study and randomized placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2018 Mar 1;177:200-8.
17. Nguyen HD, Oh H, Hoang NH, Jo WH, Kim MS. Environmental science and pollution research role of heavy metal concentrations and vitamin intake from food in depression: a national cross-sectional study (2009–2017). Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2022 Jan;29(3):4574-86.
18. Azzam HME, Sayyah H, Youssef S, Lotfy H, Abdelhamid IA, Abd Elhamed HA, et al. Autism and vitamin D: An intervention study. Middle East Curr Psychiatry. 2015;22:9–14.
19. Föcker M, Antel J, Grasemann C, Führer D, Timmesfeld N, Öztürk D, et al. Effect of an vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients-a randomized controlled trial: Study protocol. BMC Psychiatry. 2018;18:57.
20. Anglin RES, Samaan Z, Walter SD, McDonald SD. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;202:100–7.
21. World Health Organization . Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. World Health Organization; 2017.
22. Stewart WF, et al. Cost of lost productive work time among US workers with depression. JAMA. 2003;289(23):3135–3144.
23. Vasiliadis H-M, et al. The excess healthcare costs associated with depression and anxiety in elderly living in the community. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 2013;21(6):536–548.
24. Kessler RC. The costs of depression. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am. 2012;35(1):1–14.
25. Stumpf W, et al. Brain target sites for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Science. 1982;215(4538):1403–1405.
26. Milaneschi Y, et al. The association between low vitamin D and depressive disorders. Mol. Psychiatry. 2014;19(4):444–451.
27. Nair R, Maseeh A. Vitamin D: The “sunshine” vitamin. J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother. 2012;3(2):118–126.
28. Prentice A. Vitamin D deficiency: a global perspective. Nutr. Rev. 2008;66(suppl_2):S153–S164.
29. Boucher BJ. The problems of vitamin d insufficiency in older people. Aging Dis. 2012;3(4):313–329.
30. Mithal A, et al. Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporos. Int. 2009;20(11):1807–1820.
31. MacLaughlin J, Holick MF. Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3. J. Clin. Investig. 1985;76(4):1536–1538.
32. Holick MF. Vitamin D: Extraskeletal health. Rheum Dis Clin N. Am. 2012;38(1):141–160.
33. Sahota O. Understanding vitamin D deficiency. Age Ageing. 2014;43(5):589–591.
34. Reid IR, Bolland MJ. Skeletal and nonskeletal effects of vitamin D: Is vitamin D a tonic for bone and other tissues? Osteoporos. Int. 2014;25(10):2347–2357.
35. Hoogendijk WJ, et al. Depression is associated with decreased 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased parathyroid hormone levels in older adults. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2008;65(5):508–512.
36. Zhao G, et al. No associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone and depression among US adults. Br. J. Nutr. 2010;104(11):1696–1702.
37. Pan A, et al. Association between depressive symptoms and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. J. Affect. Disord. 2009;118(1):240–243.
38. Stewart R, Hirani V. Relationship between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in older residents from a national survey population. Psychosom. Med. 2010;72(7):608–612.
39. de Oliveira C, Hirani V, Biddulph JP. Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in later life: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) J Gerontol. Ser. A. 2017;73(10):1377–1382.
40. Hoang MT, et al. Association between low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and depression in a large sample of healthy adults: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2011;86(11):1050–1055.
41. Ganji V, et al. Serum vitamin D concentrations are related to depression in young adult US population: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Int. Arch. Med. 2010;3:29.
42. Lee DM, et al. Lower vitamin D levels are associated with depression among community-dwelling European men. J. Psychopharmacol. 2011;25(10):1320–1328.
43. Lapid MI, Cha SS, Takahashi PY. Vitamin D and depression in geriatric primary care patients. Clin. Interv. Aging. 2013;8:509–514.
44. Han B, et al. Low serum levels of vitamin D are associated with post-stroke depression. Eur. J. Neurol. 2015;22(9):1269–1274.
45. Anglin RES, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2013;202(2):100–107.
46. Toffanello ED, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and the onset of late-life depressive mood in older men and women: The ProVA study. J. Gerontol. Ser. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2014;69(12):1554–1561.
47. Tolppanen A-M, et al. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and D2 with depressive symptoms in childhood—A prospective cohort study. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry. 2012;53(7):757–766.
48. Williams JA, et al. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations predict incident depression in well-functioning older adults: The health, aging, and body composition study. J. Gerontol. Ser. A. 2014;70(6):757–763.
49. Ronaldson A, et al. Prospective associations between vitamin D and depression in middle-aged adults: Findings from the UK Biobank cohort. Psychol. Med. 2020
50. Andersen R, et al. Seasonal changes in vitamin D status among Danish adolescent girls and elderly women: The influence of sun exposure and vitamin D intake. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2013;67(3):270–274.