Volume : 09, Issue : 12, December – 2022
Title:
53.PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS VISITING THE FAMILY MEDICINE CLINICS IN THE EMPLOYEE HEALTH DEPARTMENT IN KING FAHAD MEDICAL CITY
Authors :
Abdulrahman AlKthiry
Abstract :
Objective: The present study aimed at measuring the prevalence of depression and identifying its associated factors among patients visiting the family medicine clinics in the employee health department in King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study that was performed in the employee health department at King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh city. A convenient sample of 297 patients was recruited in this study. To collect data, the researchers used a questionnaire consisting of a demographic data section and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale to achieve the study objectives.
Results: The results of the study showed that depression was prevalent at all levels among the study participants as follows: mild depression (27.6%), moderate depression (17.5%), moderately severe depression (6.7%), and severe depression (4.7%). In addition, the study found that there were no significant statistical differences in depression score between the enrolled patients based on employment status (p=0.92), gender (p=0.74), marital status (p=0.06), nationality (p=0.88), educational level (p=0.94), monthly income (0.41), BMI (p=0.27) and physical activity time (p=0.16).
Conclusion: The study concluded that there is an increase in moderate depression levels among the patients attending the family medicine clinic at the employee health department in King Fahad Medical city. In addition, the study concluded that patients’ employment status, gender, marital status, nationality, educational level, monthly income, BMI and physical activity time are not associated with depression levels among the study participants. The study recommended increasing patients’ awareness and knowledge regarding coping strategies and the identification of depressive symptoms and depression signs and symptoms.
Keywords: Depression, Prevalence, employee health, PHQ-9, King Fahad Medical City.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Abdulrahman AlKthiry et al, Prevalence Of Depression Symptoms And Associated Factors Among Patients Visiting The Family Medicine Clinics In The Employee Health Department In King Fahad Medical City.., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2022; 09(12).
Number of Downloads : 10
References:
2. Abo-Ali EA, Al-Rubaki S, Lubbad S, Nchoukati M, Alqahtani R, Albraim S, Ghareeb WA, Al-Haffashi B, Alghamdi F, Zaytoun S. Mental Well-Being and Self-Efficacy of Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Jul 29;14:3167-3177.
3. Abolkhair A, Al-Maharbi S, Al Ghamdi H, Haddara M, Tolba Y, El Kabbani A et al. Prevalence of depression and its association with sociodemographic factors in patients with chronic pain: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia. 2018;12(3):419.
4. Ahmed AE, Al-Dahmash AM, Al-Boqami QT, Al-Tebainawi YF. Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Saudi Arabian Dermatology Patients: Cross-sectional study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2016 May;16(2):e217-23. doi: 10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.013. Epub 2016 May 15. PMID: 27226914; PMCID: PMC4868522.
5. Al Gelban KS. Prevalence of psychological symptoms in Saudi secondary school girls in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Ann Saudi Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;29(4):275-9. doi: 10.4103/0256-4947.55308. PMID: 19584586; PMCID: PMC2841454.
6. Albasheer O, Mahfouz M, Solan Y, Khan D, Muqri M, Almutairi H et al. Depression and related risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Jazan area, KSA: A cross-sectional study. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2018;12(2):117-121.
7. AlHadi AN, AlAteeq DA, Al-Sharif E, et al. An arabic translation, reliability, and validation of Patient Health Questionnaire in a Saudi sample. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2017;16:32. doi:10.1186/s12991-017-0155-1
8. Almarhapi SA, Khalil TA. Depression among healthcare workers in North West Armed Forces hospital-Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and associated factors. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;68:102681.
9. Alosaimi FD, Al-Sultan O, Alghamdi Q, Almohaimeed I, Alqannas S. Association of help-seeking behavior with depression and anxiety disorders among gastroenterological patients in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jul-Aug;20(4):233-40. doi: 10.4103/1319-3767.136977. PMID: 25038209; PMCID: PMC4131306.
10. Alsubaie S, Almathami M, Abouelyazid A, Alqahtani M. Prevalence of depression among adults with sickle cell disease in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;34(4).
11. Alzahrani M, Alfahaid F, Almansour M, Alghamdi T, Ansari T, Sami W, et al. Prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in health-care givers of disabled patients in Majmaah and Shaqra cities, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017;11:9–13.
12. Andejani D, Al-Issa S, Al-Qattan M. Depressive Symptoms among Plastic Surgery Residents. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open. 2017;5(10):e1516.
13. Ansseau M, Dierick M, Buntinkx F, Cnockaert P, De Smedt J, Van Den Haute M, Vander Mijnsbrugge D. High prevalence of mental disorders in primary care. J Affect Disord. 2004 Jan;78(1):49-55. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00219-7. PMID: 14672796.
14. BaHammam AS, Kendzerska T, Gupta R, et al. Comorbid depression in obstructive sleep apnea: an under-recognized association. Sleep & Breathing. 2016;20(2):447-456. DOI: 10.1007/s11325-015-1223-x. PMID: 26156890.
15. Bassiony MM. Social anxiety disorder and depression in Saudi Arabia. Depress Anxiety. 2005; 21: 90–94
16. Bawahab J, Alahmadi J, Ibrahim A. Prevalence and determinants of antenatal depression among women attending primary health care centers in Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal. 2017;38(12):1237-1242.
17. Cohen, A. K., Nussbaum, J., Weintraub, M. L. R., Nichols, C. R., & Yen, I. H. Peer Reviewed: Association of Adult Depression With Educational Attainment, Aspirations, and Expectations. Prev. Chronic Dis. 2020;, 17.
18. Gallup I. Depression Costs U.S. Workplaces $23 Billion in Absenteeism [Internet]. Gallup.com. 2019 [cited 26 January 2019]. Available from: https://news.gallup.com/poll/163619/depression-costs-workplaces-billionabsenteeism.aspx
19. Hawamdeh S, Almari A, Almutairi A, Dator W. Determinants and prevalence of depression in patients with chronic renal disease, and their caregivers. International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease. 2017;Volume 10:183-189.
20. Jafari, M., Habibi Houshmand, B., & Maher, A. Relationship of occupational stress and quality of work life with turnover intention among the nurses of public and private hospitals in selected cities of Guilan Province, Iran, in 2016. J. Community Health Res. 2017; 3(3), 12-24.
21. Kessler R, Bromet E. The Epidemiology of Depression Across Cultures. Annual Review of Public Health. 2013;34(1):119-138.
22. Kulsoom B, Afsar NA. Stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students in a multiethnic setting. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015 Jul 16;11:1713-22. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S83577. PMID: 26213470; PMCID: PMC4509544.
23. Lukose, S. Occupational stress, mental health and attitude towards mental illness of nursing staff working in general and psychiatric hospital: a comparative study. J Organ Behav; 2015; 4(4).
24. Nadim W, AlOtaibi A, Al-Mohaimeed A, Ewid M, Sarhandi M, Saquib J et al. Depression among migrant workers in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2016;206:103-108.
25. Nakic M, Stefanovics EA, Rhee TG, Rosenheck RA. Lifetime risk and correlates of incarceration in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with non-substance-related mental illness. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2022 Sep;57(9):1839-1847. doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02158-x. Epub 2021 Aug 28. PMID: 34453553.
26. Ren X, Yu S, Dong W, Yin P, Xu X, Zhou M. Burden of depression in China, 1990-2017: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2017. J Affect Disord. 2020 May 1;268:95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.011. Epub 2020 Mar 4. PMID: 32158012.
27. Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychological bulletin. 2017; 143(8), 783–822. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000102
28. Seo, J., Choi, B., Kim, S., Lee, H., & Oh, D. The relationship between multiple chronic diseases and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly populations: results of a 2009 korean community health survey of 156,747 participants. BMC public health. 2017; 17(1), 844. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4798-2
29. Siu A, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman D, Baumann L, Davidson K, Ebell M et al. Screening for Depression in Adults. JAMA. 2016;315(4):380.
30. Sonbol, H., Alahdal, H. M., Alanazi, R. A., Alsamhary, K., & Ameen, F. COVID-19 Pandemic Causing Depression in Different Sociodemographic Groups in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 2021; 18(13), 6955.
31. Teixeira, G. S., Silveira, R. C. D. P., Mininel, V. A., Moraes, J. T., & Ribeiro, I. K. D. S. (2019). Quality of life at work and occupational stress of nursing in an emergency care unit. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 28.
32. Turkistani I, Nuqali A, Badawi M, Taibah O, Alserihy O, Morad M et al. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis in Saudi Arabia. Renal Failure. 2014;36(10):1510-1515.
33. Wahlbeck K. Public mental health: the time is ripe for translation of evidence into practice. World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 2015;14:36–42. doi: 10.1002/wps.20178.
34. Wang J, Wu X, Lai W, Long E, Zhang X, Li W et al. Prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among outpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(8):e017173.
35. Yoshizawaa, K. Relationship between occupational stress and depression among psychiatric nurses in Japan. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2016; 71, 10-15.