Volume : 11, Issue : 03, March – 2024
Title:
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS BY METFORMIN: A SHORT REVIEW
Authors :
Riyas Mon O.P, Lulua Hamza, Huvaida Abdulla Pangal, Jesna Kunhammed M.K, Fathima Hana, Naja Parveen K.M, Shahan.K, Aisha Femina K.M
Abstract :
According to the most recent diabetic recommendations, metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. This article’s goal is to provide clarification about metformin therapy and metformin associated drug adverse effect in the patients. When blood sugar levels are too high, metformin can help bring them down and let your body start using food as fuel again. Patients with type 2 diabetes have also demonstrated increased insulin binding after using metformin. Side effects with metformin are frequent but typically not fatal. The most typical complaints include stomach discomfort, bloating, exhaustion, and anorexia. About one-third of patients experience gastro-intestinal disturbances such as anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea as the most frequent side effects of metformin. In certain cases, severe diarrhoea may prevent a person from taking metformin. Long-term metformin use may interfere with vitamin B12 absorption. Lactic acidosis and vitamin B12 deficiency are the rare adverse effect associated with metformin therapy. Metformin production and buildup in saliva can have the unfavorable impact of taste disturbance. Metformin-related systemic allergic responses are rare. Although there are very few reports of cutaneous allergic responses, physicians should be aware that they do occur. metformin inhibits mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGPD), which raises the cytosolic redox state (cytosolic NADH/NAD+ ratio) and prevents lactate dehydrogenase from converting lactate to pyruvate. This leads to MALA (metformin associated lactic acidosis) in the patients. The mechanism of metformin induced vit B12 deficiency is well understood. Metformin antagonizes the calcium cation and prevents the IF-vitamin B12 complex from binding to the ileal cubilin receptor in a calcium-dependent manner, leading to malabsorption vitamin B12 absorption to the blood. In certain conditions, the precaution should be taken for metformin use. When a patient needs IV contrast agents for a diagnosis, metformin should be temporarily stopped and, in cases of severe infection, acute myocardial infarction, or an aggravation of congestive heart failure, it should be stopped.
Keywords: Metformin, Metformin adverse effect, Metformin risk, Metformin effect, Oral hypoglycemic drug.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Riyas Mon O.P et al., Adverse Drug Reactions By Metformin: A Short Review ., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (03).
Number of Downloads : 10
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