Volume : 11, Issue : 11, November – 2024
Title:
A REVIEW BASED ON PLANT DERIVED CARDIO VASCULAR AGENTS
Authors :
A. Srikanya *, P. Deepthika, R. Sanmathi, J. Udayasri and V.Saikishore
Abstract :
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health burden, with rising prevalence and mortality rates. Amidst this, medicinal herbs have gained popularity as an alternative treatment approach due to their cost-effectiveness and perceived safety. However, their safety and efficacy require rigorous testing. This review addresses the therapeutic potential of herbs in CVD management, focusing on four widely used plants: Ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, Ganoderma lucidum, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum. We examine their ethnopharmacological properties, cardio-protective mechanisms and clinical trial outcomes, highlighting efficacy, safety and toxicity. Our analysis encompasses various CVDs, including myocardial infarction, hypertension and coronary heart disease.Herbal medications are widely used for various clinical purposes, including cardiovascular treatment, despite lacking rigorous clinical testing and regulatory approval. Unlike conventional medications, herbs are often marketed without proven efficacy and safety. This review examines the evidence surrounding herbal medications commonly used in cardiovascular medicine, revealing a significant gap between their potential biological effects and clinical benefits. While some herbs demonstrate cardiovascular relevance, robust clinical data are scarce. Concerns persist regarding potential side effects, drug interactions and contamination risks. Healthcare providers must counsel patients on herbal medication use, weighing potential benefits against uncertain risks and emphasizing informed decision-making.
Key Words:Herbal medicine, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension, medicinal plants.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press A. Srikanya et al., A Review Based On Plant Derived Cardio Vascular Agents.,Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (11).
Number of Downloads : 10
References:
1. Alves-Silva J. M., Zuzarte M., Marques C., Salgueiro L., Girao H. Protective effects of terpenes on the cardiovascular system: current advances and future perspectives. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2016;23(40):4559–4600.
2. Hesari M., Mohammadi P., Khademi F., et al. Current advances in the use of nanophytomedicine therapies for human cardiovascular diseases. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2021;16: 3293 3299.
3. Souza-Junior F. J. C., Luz-Moraes D., Pereira F. S., et al. Aniba canelilla(Kunth) Mez (Lauraceae): a Review of Ethnobotany, phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, and neurological properties. Frontiers in Pharmacology . 2020;11:1–14.
4. Kariuki J. K., Stuart-Shor E. M., Leveille S. G., Hayman L. L. Methodological challenges in estimating trends and burden of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Cardiology Research Practice. 2015;6: 756-765.
5. Waltenberger B., Mocan A., Šmejkal K., Heiss E. H., Atanasov A. G. Natural products to counteract the epidemic of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Molecules. 2016;21(6): 807-814.
6. Dwivedi S., Udupa N. Terminalia arjuna: pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical use. A review. Fitoterapia .1989;60(5):412 -420.
7. Shah SMA, Akram M, Riaz M, Munir N, Rasool G. Cardioprotective Potential of Plant-Derived Molecules: A Scientific and Medicinal Approach. Dose Response. 2019 ;17(2):1-14.
8. Nichols M., Townsend N., Scarborough P., Rayner M. Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: epidemiological update. European Heart Journal . 2014;35(42):2950–2959.
9. Adom K. K., Sorrells M. E., and Liu R. H., Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of wheat varieties, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. (2003) 51, no. 26, 7825–7834.
10. Hanyuan Z., Liu B., Xu G., et al. Synthesis and in vivo screening of isosteviol derivatives as new cardioprotective agents. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry . 2021;219:1–17.
11. Fu Y.-S., Chen T.-H., Weng L., Huang L., Dong Lai C.-F. W. Pharmacological properties and underlying mechanisms of curcumin and prospects in medicinal potential. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2021; 141:1–9.
12. Smith C., Swart A. Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos)-a functional food targeting cardiovascular disease. Food & Function . 2018;9:5041–5058.
13. Souza M. M. Q., Silva G. R. D., Cola I. M., et al. Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC: an innovative cardioprotective herbal medicine against multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Journal of Medicinal Food . 2020;23:676–684.
14. Singh D., Chaudhuri P. K. Structural characteristics, bioavailability and cardioprotective potential of saponins. Integrative Medicine Research . 2018;7:33–43.
15. Anwar M. A., Al Disi S. S., Eid A. H. Anti-hypertensive herbs and their mechanisms of action. Frontiers in Pharmacology . 2016;6:1–25.
16. Maiuolo J., Carresi C., Gliozzi M., et al. Effects of bergamot polyphenols on mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Nutrients . 2021;13:1–20.
17. Mounika, Jayaraman J., Hanna P., Balaji A., Sadiya Banu M., Prathyusha M. A comprehensive review of medicinal plants for cardioprotective potential. International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy and Biotechnology . 2021;7:24–29.
18. Prachayasittikul V., Prachayasittikul S., Ruchirawat S., Prachayasittikul V. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): a promising functional food toward the well-being. Food Research International . 2018;105:305–323.
19. Adekanmi A. A., Adekanmi S. A., Adekanmi O. S. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents of moringa leaf. International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems . 2020;4:10–17.
20. Kingsley U. I., Bitrus N. E., Blessing E. I. Nigella sativa seed extract protects against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics . 2020;10:174–177.
21. Nazish J, Khalil-UR-Shoukat A. Cardioprotective and antilipidemic potential of Cyprus rotundas in chemically induced cardiotoxicity. Int J Agric Biol 2012;14:989-92.
22. Ravichandra V, Hanumantharayappa B. Evaluation of cardio protective activity of galangin against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:86-90.
23. Suresh Kumar, Jitpal Kamboj, Suman, Sunil Sharma. Overview for various aspects of the health benefits of Piper Longum linn. Fruit 2011;4:134–40.
24. Ghosh AK. Zingiber officinale: a natural gold. Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2011;2:283-94.
25. H Stavelikova. Morphological characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources collection. Information Hort Sci 2008;35:130–5.