Volume : 11, Issue : 09, September – 2024

Title:

OVERVIEW OF MONKEYPOX (MPOX) PRESENTATION, MANAGEMENT, AND PREVENTION

Authors :

Yazeed Yaser Albedaiwi, Ahmed Salah Alnujaim, Ali Muidh Al-Shalawi, Muteb Abdullah Al Garni, Fayyadh Mubarak Mohammad Alhjri, Faisal Mohammed Ateen, Fatimah Ali Alzahir, Dalal Ahmed Albandri, Moteea Abduladhim Alhaddad, Nadia Abdullatif Aldossary, Mohammed Ahmed Alzahrani, Hassan Mohammed Al Ramadan

Abstract :

Background: The 2024 monkeypox (mpox) outbreaks are characterized by significant epidemiological shifts and health impacts, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and among high-risk populations globally. The resurgence of mpox has raised concerns about its transmission dynamics and the effectiveness of public health responses.
Aim: This overview will discuss the Mpox outbreak presentation, management, and prevention.
Method: This is a comprehensive review COPD. The PUBMED and Google Scholar search engines were the main databases used for the search process, with articles collected up to 2016. This thorough review ensures that the information presented is reliable.
Conclusion: The Mpox situation in 2024 showcases a blend of epidemiological dynamics, public health initiatives, and persistent research into prevention and treatment. Transmission remains primarily through close contact, with respiratory methods being less significant, highlighting the need for heightened public awareness, especially in non-endemic areas. To effectively manage and control monkeypox outbreaks, a comprehensive approach involving advanced diagnostic techniques, antiviral therapies, and vaccination strategies is essential, along with continuous research to adapt to evolving challenges.
Keywords: monkeypox (mpox), outbreak, presentation, management, prevention.

Cite This Article:

Please cite this article in press Yazeed Yaser Albedaiwi et al., Overview Of Monkeypox (MPOX) Presentation, Management, And Prevention..,Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (9).

Number of Downloads : 10

References:

1. Ahmed SK, Mohamed MG, Dabou EA, Abuijlan I, Chandran D, El-Shall NA, et al. Monkeypox (mpox) in immunosuppressed patients. F1000Res. 2023;12:127.
2. Yuan S, Jiang S-C, Zhang Z-W, Fu Y-F, Yang X-Y, Li Z-L, et al. How and when does monkeypox (mpox) transmit: Implications for prevention and treatments. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2023;13:1109928.
3. Aden D, Zaheer S, Kumar R, Ranga S. Monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak during COVID-19 pandemic—Past and the future. Journal of Medical Virology. 2023;95(4):e28701.
4. Kumar N, Acharya A, Gendelman HE, Byrareddy SN. The 2022 outbreak and the pathobiology of the monkeypox virus. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2022;131:102855.
5. Venkatesan P. Monkeypox transmission—what we know so far. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2022;10(11):e101.
6. Naveed D, Nadeem H, Sattar MA. Introduction of monkeypox vaccines; ahead of a looming pandemic. Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 2022;82.
7. Guarner J, Johnson BJ, Paddock CD, Shieh W-J, Goldsmith CS, Reynolds MG, et al. Monkeypox transmission and pathogenesis in prairie dogs. Emerging infectious diseases. 2004;10(3):426.
8. Gong Q, Wang C, Chuai X, Chiu S. Monkeypox virus: a re-emergent threat to humans. Virologica Sinica. 2022;37(4):477-82.
9. Syed Nazim Hussain G, Sana A. MONKEY POX – AN EMERGING PUBLIC HEALTH GLOBAL EMERGENCY. JAIMC: Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College. 2023;20(2).
10. Karagoz A, Tombuloglu H, Alsaeed M, Tombuloglu G, AlRubaish AA, Mahmoud A, et al. Monkeypox (mpox) virus: Classification, origin, transmission, genome organization, antiviral drugs, and molecular diagnosis. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2023;16(4):531-41.
11. Saijo M, Ami Y, Suzaki Y, Nagata N, Iwata N, Hasegawa H, et al. Diagnosis and assessment of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection by quantitative PCR assay: differentiation of Congo Basin and West African MPXV strains. Japanese journal of infectious diseases. 2008;61(2):140-2.
12. Li Y, Olson VA, Laue T, Laker MT, Damon IK. Detection of monkeypox virus with real-time PCR assays. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2006;36(3):194-203.
13. Iizuka I, Saijo M, Shiota T, Ami Y, Suzaki Y, Nagata N, et al. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based diagnostic assay for monkeypox virus infections. Journal of Medical Virology. 2009;81(6):1102-8.
14. Parker S, Handley L, Buller RM. Therapeutic and Prophylactic Drugs to Treat Orthopoxvirus Infections. Future Virology. 2008;3(6):595-612.
15. Reynolds MG, McCollum AM, Nguete B, Shongo Lushima R, Petersen BW. Improving the Care and Treatment of Monkeypox Patients in Low-Resource Settings: Applying Evidence from Contemporary Biomedical and Smallpox Biodefense Research. Viruses. 2017;9(12):380.
16. Ghosh N, Chacko L, Vallamkondu J, Banerjee T, Sarkar C, Singh B, et al. Clinical Strategies and Therapeutics for Human Monkeypox Virus: A Revised Perspective on Recent Outbreaks. Viruses. 2023;15(7):1533.
17. Nainwal N, Jakhmola V. Candidate vaccines and Therapeutics against Monkeypox infection. Journal of Pure & Applied Microbiology. 2022;16.
18. Kang Y, Yu Y, Xu S. Human monkeypox infection threat: A comprehensive overview. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2023;17(4):e0011246.
19. Mohsin M. The Global Outbreak of Monkeypox: Enhancing Public Health Preparedness. Journal of Clinical and Medical Images, Case Reports. 2022.