Volume : 12, Issue : 03, March – 2025
Title:
MANAGEMENT OF DIABETICS IN PREGNANCY
Authors :
Riteek P. Raghuwanshi, Nandakishor B. Deshmukh, Dr. Swati P. Deshmukh
Abstract :
Diabetes management during pregnancy is essential to reduce the risks of maternal and fetal complications, including preeclampsia, macrosomia, preterm birth, and neonatal hypoglycemia. This review aims to evaluate the current approaches to managing both pre-existing and gestational diabetes in pregnant women, with a focus on screening, glycemic control, and preventive strategies. The findings highlight the importance of early screening for diabetes, particularly for high-risk populations, and the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions, such as diet and physical activity, in controlling blood glucose levels. Insulin remains the first-line treatment for blood glucose management, though newer medications may also play a role in certain cases. The review underscores the need for individualized care, including regular monitoring and patient education, to optimize outcomes for both mother and child. Key recommendations stress the importance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to prenatal care, ensuring timely interventions and appropriate management of diabetes during pregnancy.
KEYWORDS: Diabetes in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, blood glucose control, insulin therapy, prenatal care, complications, lifestyle intervention, maternal health, fetal health.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Riteek P. Raghuwanshi et al., Management Of Diabetics In Pregnancy., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2025; 12(05).
Number of Downloads : 10
References:
1. American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(Suppl 1)
2. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 190: Gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;135(1)
3. Simmons D, Oats J. Gestational diabetes mellitus: A review of the literature. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2019;59(2):141-146.
4. Metzger BE, Gabbe SG, Persson B, et al. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(12):2120-2127.
5. Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Williams D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2009;373(9677):1773-1779.
6. Dietz PK, Callaghan WM. Epidemiology of gestational diabetes and its association with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum. 2013;26(2):96-101.
7. Wang L, Liu M. The impact of gestational diabetes on pregnancy outcomes: A meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020;301(2):439-448.
8. Aune D, Saugstad OD. Maternal body mass index and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2016;17(1):101-113.
9. McIntyre HD, Wratten C. Gestational diabetes mellitus: An update on the management and treatment. Endocr Rev. 2019;40(4):892-903.
10. Haeusler MN, Kahn CR. The role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(Suppl 1)
11. Zhang C, Liu Y. Lifestyle and dietary intervention for gestational diabetes: A review of the literature. J Diabetes Investig. 2018;9(5):1049-1060.
12. Hirst JA, et al. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in the United Kingdom: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):1-10.
13. Garrison SR, et al. Efficacy of dietary interventions for gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2018;76(11):865-876.
14. O’Sullivan JB, Mahan CM. Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 1991;14(12):1130-1133.
15. Dyer AR, McCance DR. The role of insulin therapy in managing gestational diabetes. Int J Womens Health. 2018;10:121-129.
16. Faulds MC, Crowther CA. Effect of metformin on pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9)
17. Guariguata L, et al. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2011 and projections for 2030 and 2040. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;87(1):4-14.
18. Balsells M, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;4(7):570-582.
19. Naylor CD, Sermer M. The importance of effective management of gestational diabetes. CMAJ. 2014;186(4):263-267.
20. Kim C, Newton KM. Gestational diabetes and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):67-74.