Volume : 12, Issue : 09, September – 2025
Title:
ECO-FRIENDLY NANOPARTICLE SYNTHESIS AND ITS EMERGING BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ROLES
Authors :
Shahbaz Fatima, Noorunnisa Begum, Syeda Sameena Aziz, Mohammad Haji Baba, Fatima Begum, Nawaz Mohammed Khan*, Mohammad Shamim Qureshi
Abstract :
The burgeoning field of nanotechnology has revolutionized numerous sectors, yet the conventional physicochemical methods for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis are often plagued by high energy consumption, the use of hazardous chemicals, and the generation of toxic byproducts. This has spurred a significant paradigm shift towards sustainable and eco-friendly synthesis approaches. Utilizing biological resources such as plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria, green synthesis offers a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally benign alternative. This review meticulously examines the mechanisms of bio-reduction and bio-fabrication involved in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (e.g., silver, gold, zinc oxide, and iron oxide). We delve into the critical parameters influencing the size, shape, and stability of the synthesized NPs. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the emerging and pivotal roles these green nanoparticles play in biomedical applications, including as antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-biofilm agents, as well as in drug delivery, biosensing, and medical imaging. Concurrently, we explore their significant environmental applications in wastewater treatment, heavy metal remediation, and catalytic degradation of pollutants. Finally, we address the current challenges in scalability, standardization, and precise mechanistic understanding, while outlining future perspectives for the clinical and commercial translation of green nanotechnology.
Keywords: Green Synthesis, Nanoparticles, Biomedicine, Environmental Remediation, Sustainability, Phytochemicals, Bioreduction, Antimicrobial, Catalysis.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Nawaz Mohammed Khan et al., Eco-Friendly Nanoparticle Synthesis And Its Emerging Biomedical And Environmental Roles, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2025; 12(09).
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