Volume : 13, Issue : 08, August – 2026
Title:
PREHOSPITAL STROKE TRIAGE: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF FIELD SCREENING TOOLS FOR THE EARLY IDENTIFICATION OF ACUTE STROK
Authors :
Abdullah Ali Ahmad Alqozi, Mohammed Abdullah Abdulrahman Ali, Tareq Ahmad Saeed Assiri, Alhassan Ibrahim Mohammed Alzien, Ahmed Alhussein Abu Taleb Alsadah, Abdulrhmman Abu Taleb Alhussain Alsadah, Abdulalelah Alhusayn Mohammed Alzien, Mohammed Abed Obaidan Almalki, Khalid Dakhilallah Mutiq Aljohani, Alhussain Ali Yassin Assiri
Abstract :
Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with time-to-treatment critically influencing outcomes. The emergence of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) has increased the need for accurate prehospital stroke identification and triage. Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel use field screening tools to recognize stroke, exclude mimics, and guide destination decisions.
Objective: This review evaluates the diagnostic performance, clinical utility, and implementation of widely used prehospital stroke screening tools for early acute stroke identification.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted from inception through December 2024. Studies evaluating prehospital stroke screening tools in adults with suspected acute stroke assessed by EMS were included. A narrative synthesis was adopted due to heterogeneity.
Results: A consistent sensitivity–specificity trade-off exists across tools. Simpler tools (CPSS, FAST) offer high sensitivity (78-85%) but lower specificity (76-82%). Comprehensive tools (LAPSS, MASS) offer higher specificity (88-94%) but lower sensitivity (75-86%). LVO-specific tools (RACE, FAST-ED, C-PSSS) offer balanced performance (78-82% sensitivity, 82-84% specificity). All tools have lower sensitivity for posterior circulation strokes (45-60%) versus anterior (75-90%). Screening improves notification rates (to 70-90%), reduces door-to-needle time (15-30 min), and increases thrombolysis (10-25%). LVO tools enable accurate transport (75-85%) and reduce time-to-EVT by 45-60 min.
Conclusions: No single tool is optimal for all settings. Selection should consider stroke prevalence, transport times, hospital capabilities, and EMS training. A tiered approach may be optimal. Future research should prioritize comparative studies, posterior stroke detection, and technology integration.
Keywords:Prehospital stroke triage, Emergency medical services, Stroke screening tools, Large vessel occlusion, Field assessment
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Abdullah Ali Ahmad Alqozi et al., Prehospital Stroke Triage: A Comparative Review Of Field Screening Tools For The Early Identification Of Acute Strok.,. Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2026; 13(08).
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Volume : 13, Issue : 08, August – 2026
Title:
EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF SAPINDUS EMARGINATUS IN RATS
Authors :
Chinthala Jamima*, Dr.R.narasimha Rao, Dr.N. Raghunandhan
Abstract :
Obesity and hyperlipidemia have become major disorders predominantly causing prevailing cardiovascular diseases and ultimately death. The prolonged use of anti-obesity drugs and statins for reducing obesity and blood lipid levels is leading toward adverse effects of kidneys and muscles, specifically rhabdomyolysis. The objective of this study is to evaluate potential of seeds of Sapindus emarginatus against hyperlipidemia. In this model of Hyperlipidemia, 30 adult male wistar rats (200-250gms) were evenly divided into 5 groups in both groups. Group-1 and Group-2 served as untreated and model controls respectively, while Group-3, 4 and 5 were the treatments groups which were simultaneously treated with standard, 100 and 200 mg/kg extract respectively along with High Fat Diet. On last day, blood samples for biochemical parameters, were obtained under inhaled diether anaesthesia. The outcomes of this study were expressed as mean standard error and data were evaluated by using analysis of variance followed by multiple comparisons. Oral administration of 100 mg/ kg and 200mg/kg body weight of Methanolic extract residual fraction of Moringa oleifera. Leaves exhibited a significant reduction (P < 0.01) in serum lipid parameters such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL and increase in high density lipoprotein in hyperlipidemic rats when compared with hyperlipidemic control in both models. Our results demonstrated that Methanolic extract fraction of Sesbania grandiflora. Possessed significant antihyperlipidemic activity.
Keywords: Sesbania grandiflora, Cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and antihyperlipidemic activity.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Chinthala Jamimaet al., Evaluation of Antihyperlipidemic activity of Sapindus Emarginatus in rats,, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2026; 13(08).
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