Volume : 13, Issue : 05, May – 2026
Title:
PHARMACIST INTERVENTION IN MINIMIZING DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND CO-EXISTING HYPERTENSION IN A GENERAL WARD SETTING
A Retrospective Observational Study with Pharmacist Intervention
Authors :
Shivanoor Saisanjana*, Dr Goutham
Abstract :
Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension frequently co-exist as chronic non-communicable diseases and together constitute a significant burden on inpatient healthcare systems in India(1,2). The simultaneous pharmacotherapy of these conditions predisposes patients to a high prevalence of drug-related problems (DRPs), including drug-drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, sub-therapeutic dosing, and medication non-adherence(3,7). Clinical pharmacists, through systematic medication review and patient counseling, are uniquely positioned to identify, prevent, and resolve these DRPs(3,4).
Objectives: To identify the nature and frequency of DRPs in general ward patients with diabetes and co-existing hypertension, to assess the impact of pharmacist interventions on clinical outcomes, and to evaluate medication adherence before and after intervention using standardized tools(9).
Methods: A Retrospective interventional study will be conducted over six months in the general ward of ESI Hospital(20). Patients (n = 100) diagnosed with both Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, aged 18 years and above, will be recruited using purposive sampling. DRPs will be identified and classified using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification system v9.1(8). Medication adherence will be assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8)(9). Pharmacist interventions will include medication reconciliation, patient counseling, physician communication, and therapeutic recommendations(3,5). Clinical parameters (FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, SBP, DBP) will be recorded at baseline and at one-month follow-up(14,15).
Expected Outcomes: Pharmacist interventions are expected to significantly reduce the number of DRPs, improve glycemic and blood pressure control, and enhance medication adherence among hospitalized patients with comorbid diabetes and hypertension(5,11,12).
Keywords: Drug-Related Problems, Pharmacist Intervention, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, PCNE Classification, Medication Adherence, General Ward, Clinical Pharmacy.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Shivanoor Sai Sanjana et al., Pharmacist Intervention In Minimizing Drug-Related Problems In Patients With Diabetes And Co-Existing Hypertension In A General Ward Setting., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2026; 13(05).
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